city and county levels energy consumption

The data of city-and-county-level energy consumption and energy efficiency provided in this study are valuable with practical applications in the field of energy economics, management, and policy, including the following: First, the provided data have the characteristics of wide spatial coverage and long time span. This unique panel-structured dataset can be used to observe the trajectories and spatial differences of energy consumption and energy efficiency on a micro-level than at national and provincial levels. Therefore, it can also be used to analyze the factors driving the changes and spatial differences of energy consumption and energy efficiency in cities and counties. Second, the panel-structured dataset of energy consumption and energy efficiency can be used to match other economic data at the city and county levels, and studies such as the economic effects of energy consumption, the environmental and social effects of energy consumption, and the coupling relationship between energy efficiency and economic development may be conducted. Third, the development of energy consumption and energy efficiency data at the city and county levels can not only contribute to the energy management at China’s grassroot-level governments, such as in the formulation and implementation of road maps for energy transformation and energy efficiency improvement, but also provide a basis for the central and provincial governments to allocate the energy rights of cities and counties under the constraints of “carbon peak” and “carbon-neutral” targets. Fourth, the development of energy consumption and energy efficiency data at city and county levels could provide a more accurate assessment of the impact of the central government’s energy saving, emission reduction, and low-carbon green policies, as well as other socioeconomic policies, for example, assessment of the impact of the “central heating,” “coal to electricity,” low-carbon pilot city, and carbon emission trading right pilot policies on energy consumption and energy efficiency. Fifth, the method of retrieving micro-level energy consumption data by using satellite night-light data can also provide a reference for other developing countries and regions with limited energy statistics to evaluate their energy consumption and energy efficiency at the sub-national level.<br>

本研究提供的市县级能源消费与能效数据，在能源经济学、能源管理与能源政策领域具备重要的实用应用价值，具体包括以下几点：其一，本次发布的数据具有空间覆盖范围广、时间跨度长的特征。这套独具特色的面板结构化数据集，可用于观测相较于国家及省级层面更微观尺度下的能源消费与能效变化轨迹及空间差异，进而能够分析市县级层面能源消费与能效的驱动因素及其空间差异。其二，该能源消费与能效面板数据集可与其他市县级经济数据进行匹配，从而开展能源消费的经济效应、能源消费的环境与社会效应、能效与经济发展耦合关系等相关研究。其三，市县级能源消费与能效数据集的构建，不仅可为中国基层政府的能源管理工作提供支撑——例如助力制定并实施能源转型与能效提升路线图，还可为中央及省级政府在“碳达峰”“碳中和”目标约束下，合理分配市县级能源权责提供依据。其四，市县级能源消费与能效数据的建立，能够更精准地评估中央政府各项节能降碳、低碳绿色政策及其他社会经济政策的实施效果，例如评估“集中供暖”“煤改电”、低碳试点城市、碳排放权交易试点等政策对能源消费与能效的影响。其五，本研究采用卫星夜间灯光数据反演微观能源消费数据的方法，也可为其他能源统计体系不完善的发展中国家及地区，提供其地方层级能源消费与能效评估的参考范式。