Perceived factors associated with boda-boda (motorcycle) accidents in Kampala, Uganda

<b>Objective:</b> According to the United Nations, nearly 1.25 million people are killed and up to 50 million people are injured on the world’s roads every year. Uganda loses about 10 people daily to road accidents, costing about US$1.2 billion annually, which represents about 5% of the gross domestic product (GDP). The objective of this study was to identify causal factors that can be associated with boda-boda accidents in Uganda. <b>Method:</b> A cross sectional study assessed 200 boda-boda riders in the urban areas of Kampala, Uganda. Interviews using semistructured questionnaires were administered to all participants. Data were entered in Excel and imported to STATA for analysis. Multivariate and bivariate analyses were conducted to determine factors that influenced accident risk perception. All variables that were significant at a bivariate level and thought to be theoretically important in influencing the outcome variable were included in a logistic regression model. All tests were performed at a significance of <i>P</i> <b>Results:</b> Competition for passengers with other public transport operators (83%), negligence of road safety rules (78%), and inadequate helmet usage (62%) were the main factors perceived to be associated with boda-boda accidents. Other factors identified by the respondents include age of the boda-boda rider (58%) and drug use (56%; <i>P</i> <b>Conclusions:</b> This study revealed behavioral factors by all public transport users as the main factors associated with boda-boda accidents in urban Kampala. This demonstrates the need for holistic interventions to address such boda-boda accidents in Uganda. Such interventions can be through digitization of transport system for clients to engage remotely with the transport operators, routine refresher trainings of all transport operators, and construction of lanes for boda-boda riders.

<b>研究目的：</b>据联合国统计，全球每年道路交通事故致死人数近125万，受伤人数多达5000万。乌干达每日约有10人因道路交通事故丧生，年经济损失约12亿美元，占该国国内生产总值（GDP）的5%左右。本研究旨在识别与乌干达境内摩的（boda-boda）交通事故相关的因果因素。<b>研究方法：</b>本研究为横断面研究，对乌干达坎帕拉市区的200名摩的骑手开展调查。采用半结构化问卷对所有参与者进行访谈。数据录入Excel后导入STATA软件进行统计分析。通过多变量及双变量分析，明确影响事故风险感知的相关因素。将双变量分析中具有统计学显著性，且理论上对结局变量存在重要影响的所有变量纳入逻辑回归模型。所有检验均以<i>P</i>值作为显著性判定标准。<b>研究结果：</b>与其他公共交通运营商争抢客源（占比83%）、漠视道路交通安全规则（占比78%）以及头盔佩戴不规范（占比62%），是受访者认为与摩的交通事故相关的主要因素。受访者提及的其他因素包括摩的骑手年龄（占比58%）与吸毒行为（占比56%；<i>P</i>）。<b>研究结论：</b>本研究表明，坎帕拉市区摩的交通事故的主要关联因素为所有公共交通使用者的行为问题。这凸显出乌干达亟需采取整体性干预措施以应对此类摩的交通事故。具体干预手段可包括：推动交通系统数字化，方便乘客与交通运营商远程对接；为所有交通运营商开展常规复训；为摩的骑手规划专用车道。