Supporting data for The hidden value of trees: Quantifying the ecosystem services of tree lineages and their major threats across the contiguous US

Trees provide critical contributions to human well-being. They sequester and store greenhouse gasses, filter air pollutants, and provide wood, food, and other products, among other benefits. These benefits are threatened by climate change, fires, pests and pathogens. We show that the value of ecosystem services generated by US trees in forests, orchards, and plantations across five key services for which we had adequate data is $114 billion per annum (low: $85 B; high: $137 B; 2010 USD). The non-market ‘hidden’ ecosystem services of trees from carbon storage (51% of total value) and air pollution removal (37%) far exceed their commercial value from wood products and food crops (12%). The most valuable US tree species and lineages are also among those most threatened by known pests and pathogens, and the species most valuable for carbon storage are most at risk from increasing fire threat. Different species and lineages in different regions contribute to carbon storage and air pollution removal, which is distinct from tree crops that are often provided by the same species and lineages in different regions.

树木对人类福祉具有至关重要的贡献。它们封存并储存温室气体、过滤空气污染物，还能提供木材、食物及其他产品等诸多益处。这些益处正受到气候变化、火灾、病虫害（Pests and Pathogens）的威胁。我们的研究表明，美国森林、果园及种植园中树木所产生的生态系统服务（Ecosystem Services）价值——针对我们拥有充足数据的五项关键服务而言——为每年1140亿美元（下限：850亿美元；上限：1370亿美元；2010年美元价值）。树木来自碳储存（Carbon Storage，占总价值51%）和空气污染清除（Air Pollution Removal，占37%）的非市场性“隐性”生态系统服务价值，远超其来自木制品和粮食作物的商业价值（占12%）。美国最具价值的树种及谱系同样是受已知病虫害威胁最严重的群体之一，而对碳储存最具价值的树种则面临着日益加剧的火灾威胁风险。不同区域的不同树种及谱系对碳储存和空气污染清除有所贡献，这与经济林木（Tree Crops）形成鲜明对比——后者在不同区域往往由相同树种及谱系提供。