rich-selenium.xlsx

The present study investigated the growth of <i>Pleurotus eryngii </i>var. <i>tuoliensis</i> mycelia in liquid culture, PDA culture and cultivation substrate with different concentrations of sodium selenite, as well as selenium enrichment and selenium speciation in the fruiting body. The results showed that the sensitivity of <i>P. eryngii </i>var. <i>tuoliensis</i> mycelia to selenium was divergent under different culture modes. The biomass of <i>P. eryngii</i> var. <i>tuoliensis</i> was significantly decreased in liquid culture medium with selenium. A relatively low concentrations of selenium (≤ 10 mg/L) promoted mycelia growth under plate culture. In the cultivation substrate, the mycelia grew normally at selenium concentrations of less than 300 mg/kg and reached the highest growth rate of 3.23 mm/d at a concentration of 40 mg/kg. A selenium concentration of 10 mg/kg promoted fruiting of <i>P. eryngii</i> var. <i>tuoliensis</i>; the fruiting bodies were of good quality and had a low malformation rate. However, a selenium concentration greater than 10 mg/kg led to reduced yield, shorter stipes, smaller caps and a higher deformity rate. In addition, the selenium enrichment coefficient of the fruiting bodies was 1.82-3.12, which was far higher than that of those from the control mycelia (0.29). LC-AFS showed that selenium in the fruiting body exists mainly in the form of selenite, SeCys, Met-SeCys and SeMet. These findings suggest that <i>P. eryngii</i> var. <i>tuoliensis</i> could be developed as a selenium-rich mushroom product for use as a novel dietary source of bioavailable supplemental selenium.

本研究探究了不同浓度亚硒酸钠（Sodium Selenite）处理下，托里杏鲍菇（Pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis）菌丝体在液体培养、马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（Potato Dextrose Agar，PDA）平板培养以及栽培基质中的生长情况，同时分析了其子实体的富硒特性与硒形态组成。研究结果表明，托里杏鲍菇菌丝体对硒的敏感性因培养方式不同而存在显著差异：在添加硒的液体培养基中，其生物量显著降低；平板培养模式下，较低浓度硒（≤10 mg/L）可促进菌丝体生长；在栽培基质中，当硒浓度低于300 mg/kg时菌丝体可正常生长，且在40 mg/kg浓度下菌丝生长速率达到峰值，为3.23 mm/d。当硒浓度为10 mg/kg时可促进托里杏鲍菇出菇，子实体品质优良且畸形率较低；但当硒浓度超过10 mg/kg时，子实体产量下降、菌柄变短、菌盖缩小且畸形率升高。此外，托里杏鲍菇子实体的富硒系数为1.82~3.12，远高于对照菌丝体的0.29。采用液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法（Liquid Chromatography-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry，LC-AFS）检测发现，子实体中的硒主要以亚硒酸盐（Selenite）、硒代半胱氨酸（Selenocysteine，SeCys）、甲基硒代半胱氨酸（Methylselenocysteine，Met-SeCys）和硒代蛋氨酸（Selenomethionine，SeMet）四种形式存在。上述研究结果表明，托里杏鲍菇可被开发为富硒食用菌产品，作为一种新型可生物利用的膳食补硒来源。