Characteristics of the participants.

Psychiatric nurses represent a high-stress occupational group that experiences elevated levels of suicidal ideation (SI), emphasizing the need for focused mental health interventions. The main purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of SI among psychiatric nurses and to identify the psychological and occupational factors associated with SI. A total of 1,835 psychiatric nurses completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), SI, quality of work-related life (QWL), and burnout. Multivariate logistic regression and phenotypic network analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with SI and the potential pathways linking depressive symptoms, burnout, and QWL to SI. The results indicated that 11.33% of the participants had SI in the past two weeks. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, stress at work, general well-being, and the home-work interface were significant predictors of SI. Network analysis further revealed that psychomotor changes, guilt, sad mood, low energy, and appetite changes were the symptoms most directly associated with SI. In addition, sad mood, general well-being, and work-home interface were linked to job and career satisfaction, whereas sad mood and low energy were associated with emotional exhaustion and SI. These findings contribute valuable large-scale evidence on the mental health challenges faced by psychiatric nurses and highlight the importance of addressing mood disturbances, energy loss, and work-related stress in SI prevention efforts for this vulnerable group.

精神科护士属于高压力职业群体，其自杀意念（suicidal ideation, SI）发生率显著升高，凸显了针对性心理健康干预的必要性。本研究旨在调查精神科护士的自杀意念患病率，并明确与自杀意念相关的心理及职业影响因素。共计1835名精神科护士完成了涵盖抑郁症状（患者健康问卷9项，Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9）、自杀意念、工作相关生活质量（quality of work-related life, QWL）及职业倦怠的问卷调查。研究采用多因素logistic回归与表型网络分析，识别与自杀意念相关的影响因素，以及抑郁症状、职业倦怠与工作相关生活质量通向自杀意念的潜在通路。结果显示，11.33%的受访者在过去两周内出现过自杀意念。多因素logistic回归分析表明，情绪衰竭、去人格化、个人成就感、工作压力、总体幸福感以及家庭-工作界面是自杀意念的显著预测因素。表型网络分析进一步揭示，心理运动改变、内疚感、情绪低落、精力不足及食欲改变是与自杀意念关联最为直接的症状。此外，情绪低落、总体幸福感与家庭-工作界面与工作及职业满意度存在关联；而情绪低落与精力不足则与情绪衰竭及自杀意念相关。本研究结果为精神科护士所面临的心理健康挑战提供了极具价值的大样本证据，并凸显了在该弱势群体的自杀意念预防工作中，关注情绪障碍、精力损耗与工作压力的重要性。