X-ray diffraction results from IODP Hole 386-M0095B

Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses from the above given hole of International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 386 (Japan Trench Paleoseismology). The offshore phase of this expedition took place between 2021-04-13 and 2021-06-01 onboard Japanese R/V Kaimei from and to Yokosuka, Japan, followed by an onshore phase onboard D/V Chikyu between 2022-02-14 – 2022-03-15. During the onshore phase a set of solid-phase samples, with a volume of approx. 10 cubic centimeters each, were taken with the purpose to be later on split into aliquots for the following three analyses: X-ray diffraction, carbon and X-ray fluorescence. The bulk solid-phase samples were taken from the work halves of core sections at about one sample per meter on average. Unprocessed samples were then shipped to the MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences of the University of Bremen (Germany), where they were freeze-dried, ground and homogenized to a fine powder (<20 µm particle size) by ECORD Science Operator staff using a pestle and an agate mortar. The aliquots for XRD analysis were prepared with the Philips backloading system in the Crystallography and Geomaterials Research laboratories of the Geoscience Department at the University of Bremen (Germany). X-ray diffractograms were measured on a Bruker D8 Discover diffractometer. Mineral identification and semi-quantification were done using the Philips software X'Pert HighScore Version 1.2 (Degen et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0885715614000840) and follows concepts of Vogt (2009, https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.302.203.2009). Minimum relative errors are given based on Vogt et al., 2002 (https://doi.org/10.1346/000986002760833765). Clay Mineral groups are used as sums of multiple minerals. In many samples there is a bulb below 20-25° 2theta pointing to amorphous SiO2, which can be biogenic (e.g. diatoms etc.) or volcanic glass. The bulb size could implicate about 10-20 wt.% of amorphous SiO2. Exact quantification of this component would require more detailed XRD experiments.For further methodological information see methods chapter in Strasser, M. et al., 2023 https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.2023

国际大洋发现计划（IODP）第386航次（日本海沟古地震学）上述钻孔的X射线衍射（XRD）分析结果。该航次的海上阶段于2021年4月13日至2021年6月1日在日本“海王”号调查船（R/V Kaimei）上开展，往返于日本横须贺；随后于2022年2月14日至2022年3月15日在“地球”号钻探船（D/V Chikyu）上进行陆上阶段。陆上阶段期间采集了一组固相样品，每个体积约10立方厘米，旨在后续分成等分试样用于X射线衍射、碳分析及X射线荧光三项检测。岩心剖面的工作半段平均每米采集一个bulk固相样品。未处理样品随后被运至德国不来梅大学海洋环境科学中心（MARUM），由ECORD科学操作人员使用杵与玛瑙研钵将其冷冻干燥、研磨并均质化为粒径小于20微米的细粉。XRD分析用等分试样由不来梅大学地球科学系晶体学与地质材料研究实验室通过飞利浦背装系统制备。X射线衍射图采用布鲁克D8 Discover衍射仪测定。矿物鉴定与半定量分析借助飞利浦软件X'Pert HighScore 1.2版完成（Degen等，2014，https://doi.org/10.1017/S0885715614000840），并遵循Vogt（2009，https://doi.org/10.2204/iodp.proc.302.203.2009）的研究理念。最小相对误差基于Vogt等2002年的成果（https://doi.org/10.1346/000986002760833765）给出。粘土矿物组为多种矿物的总和。多数样品在2θ角20-25°以下存在峰包，表明无定形二氧化硅（SiO₂）的存在，其来源可能为生物成因（如硅藻等）或火山玻璃。峰包大小暗示无定形二氧化硅含量约为10-20重量百分比。该组分的准确定量需开展更详细的XRD实验。更多方法学信息参见Strasser, M.等2023年的方法章节（https://doi.org/10.14379/iodp.proc.386.102.2023）。