Donations of Public Lands and Urban and Religious Issues: A Case Study in the “Capital Da Fé” - Juazeiro do Norte - CE

Abstract Reflecting epistemologically on urban space directs us to contemplate the city as something other than streets, parks and houses. In this bias, following critical urban currents, power relations must be considered as substantial artifacts for the occupation / division of public and private urban space, as well as for the right to the city. Cradle in which there are arguments that signal asymmetries arising from subjective issues, such as religion. Thus, it is necessary to think about the relationship between public space and religion. Nevertheless, the present exploratory research, of a qualitative nature, deals with analyzing donations from the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte - CE to religious organizations / institutions, between the years 2000 to 2019. For this, it was adopted, as a method of collecting data, a documentary research in the ordinary environmental legislation of the municipality and for the systematization and presentation of information, methods / techniques of descriptive statistics were incorporated. A significant portion of donations from the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte was diagnosed to Catholic organizations / institutions and, in overlap, evangelical ones. What is not projected to socially marginalized religions, such as those of African, Afro-Brazilian, spiritist and indigenous origins. Incongruent reality to Brazilian constitutional prerogatives, above all, due to their purely religious and unequal ends in relation to non-Christian and non-hegemonic doctrines.

摘要 从认识论层面反思城市空间，可促使我们跳出将城市仅等同于街道、公园与住宅的认知框架。秉持批判城市研究思潮的研究视角，权力关系应被视为城市公共与私人空间的占据、划分以及城市权（Right to the City）实现的核心建构产物。此类权力关系正是滋生诸如宗教这类主观议题所引发的不对称性论证的温床，因此有必要深入探讨公共空间与宗教之间的关联。

本项质性探索性研究，旨在分析2000年至2019年间巴西塞阿拉州北茹阿泽鲁市（Juazeiro do Norte - CE）向各类宗教组织/机构拨付的捐赠款项。研究采用文献研究法作为数据收集手段，依托该市的常规环境立法档案开展数据采集，并引入描述性统计方法对研究信息进行系统化整理与呈现。

研究诊断发现，北茹阿泽鲁市的捐赠款项中，可观比例流向了天主教机构，同时福音派机构也获得了大量捐赠；但此类捐赠未惠及非洲裔、非裔巴西、唯灵论及原住民起源等社会边缘宗教群体。这一现状与巴西宪法赋予的权利原则相悖，究其核心原因，在于此类捐赠的纯粹宗教属性，以及针对非基督教与非霸权性教义的不平等分配导向。