Tree Species Abundances by Plot at HJA, HFR, BCI, CWT, LUQ, and NWT

Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This dataset contains plant species abundances of trees in a group of five Gentry plots set up at each of the six test sites (HJA, HFR, LUQ, BCI, CWT, NWT). These plots were set up by the Enquist Lab (PI, Brian Enquist) from the University of Arizona to measure annual tree growth as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836. This file was created using R code run on the Macroplots Tree Growth Data file.

生物多样性格局——诸如向热带地区递增的分布规律，以及生态演替过程中的峰值型动态——是生态学的核心基础现象。这类格局的成因复杂且相互关联，从微生物、树木到哺乳动物等各类生物，以及陆地、海洋与淡水各类生境中，温度均被证实为主导性影响因子。尽管全球气温持续攀升，预测其生态效应的需求愈发迫切，但学界对其背后的作用机制仍未达成广泛共识。本项目旨在构建并验证相关理论，以阐明温度如何通过影响生化过程与代谢速率，进而调控生物多样性。本研究结合标准化野外调查与野外、实验室可控实验，对沿寒温带到暖热带的温度地理梯度分布的7片森林展开系统观测：测定树木、无脊椎动物与微生物3个类群的物种多样性，以及核心的生物地球化学分解过程。本数据集包含6个试验站点（HJA、HFR、LUQ、BCI、CWT、NWT）各设立的5个金特里样地（Gentry plots）内的树木物种多度数据。这些样地由亚利桑那大学恩奎斯特实验室（Enquist Lab，首席研究员Brian Enquist）设立，用于监测树木年生长量，作为美国国家科学基金会（National Science Foundation）资助的宏系统生物多样性与纬度梯度项目的组成部分，该项目依托合作协议DEB#1065836开展。本文件基于Macroplots Tree Growth Data文件，通过运行R代码生成。