Implementation of mentoring in a medical school - mentors and students’ perceptions

Abstract: Introduction: In medical education, mentoring has the important function of supporting and complementing student’s education through their relationship with a teacher, which fosters student’s global development. Objective: to assess the strengths and weaknesses of a mentoring program in a private school from the perspective of mentors and mentees; to identify, among students who did not participate in mentoring, the reason for not participating, knowledge about the concept of mentoring and the desire to participate in the future. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The study participants included mentors, mentees and students who did not participate in the mentoring program. All participants answered a semi-structured questionnaire and the answers were submitted to a qualitative approach analysis. Results: The answers were divided into two broad categories: strengths - bonding, exposing feelings/self-disclosure, mentoring as a two-way street, space for integration - and weaknesses - organization and scheduling difficulties, conducting group dynamics and addressed topics, of integration between group members. The students who did not participate in mentoring attributed their non-participation to lack of time and reported they wanted to participate in the future. Conclusion: the reports showed strengths and weaknesses of mentoring for mentors and mentees, as well as aspects to be improved. Prospective studies of mentoring programs are needed to identify aspects that promote the development of participants and reduce their suffering, as well as their impact on medical education.

摘要：引言：在医学教育领域，导师制依托师生间的互动关系，为学生的学业提供支撑与补充，助力学生的全面成长，具备重要的功能价值。研究目的：从导师与学员的视角，评估某私立医学院校导师制项目的优势与不足；同时针对未参与该导师制项目的学生，分析其未参与的原因、对导师制概念的认知程度，以及未来参与该项目的意愿。研究方法：本研究为横断面描述性研究，采用质性研究方法。研究对象涵盖导师、学员以及未参与导师制项目的学生。所有参与者均填写半结构化问卷，所得数据采用质性分析方法进行处理。研究结果：研究所得回答可归纳为两大类别：优势维度包括情感联结、情绪表露与自我披露、双向互动的导师关系、提供融入整合的空间；劣势维度则包括组织与排期困难、小组动力学开展不足，以及小组内成员融合相关议题的处理不到位。未参与导师制的学生将未参与的原因归因于时间不足，且均表示未来愿意参与该项目。研究结论：本研究报告揭示了导师制在导师与学员视角下的优势与不足，同时明确了待优化的方向。未来需开展针对导师制项目的前瞻性研究，以明确可促进参与者发展、减轻其困扰的相关要素，以及该项目对医学教育的实际影响。