Factors associated with depressive symptoms in older adults in context of social vulnerability

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly inserted in a context of high social vulnerability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 302 elderly people enrolled in Primary Care. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Shor-form-6D Quality of Life Questionnaire and Medical Outcome Study Scale. For data analysis, a logistic regression was performed considering two groups, with and without depressive symptoms. Results: A good perception of the quality of life (OR: 0.21) and receiving emotional support (OR: 0.98) were presented as protective factors for depression, have risks of malnutrition (OR: 4.87), belong to the female sex OR: 1.88) and living alone (OR: 2.34), indicated a predictor factor for depression. Conclusion: Quality of life and social support were identified as protective factors for depressive symptoms while being at risk of malnutrition, living alone, reporting pain and being female are predictors.

摘要
研究目的：旨在明确身处高社会脆弱性环境中的老年人群抑郁症状的相关影响因素。
研究方法：本研究纳入302名注册于基层医疗卫生机构的老年人，开展横断面研究。采用社会人口学问卷、老年抑郁量表（Geriatric Depression Scale）、微型营养评定法（Mini Nutritional Assessment）、健康调查简表SF-6D（Short-form-6D Quality of Life Questionnaire）以及医学结局研究量表（Medical Outcome Study Scale）进行数据收集；数据分析阶段以是否存在抑郁症状为分组依据，开展逻辑回归分析。
研究结果：良好的生活质量感知（比值比OR：0.21）与获得情感支持（OR：0.98）为抑郁的保护因素；存在营养不良风险（OR：4.87）、女性（OR：1.88）以及独居（OR：2.34）则为抑郁的预测危险因素。
研究结论：本研究证实，生活质量与社会支持为老年抑郁症状的保护因素；而存在营养不良风险、独居、存在疼痛症状以及女性，则为抑郁症状的预测危险因素。