Data_Sheet_1_Comparison of two brief mindfulness interventions for anxiety, stress and burnout in mental health professionals: a randomised crossover trial.docx

BackgroundAnxiety, stress and burnout are a growing reality among mental health professionals, impacting negatively on them and their clients. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating these sufferings. Nevertheless, there is a lack of knowledge on the impact of MBIs in Cuba.
ObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness of two brief mindfulness-based interventions for reducing anxiety, work stress and burnout.
MethodsA total of 104 mental health professionals from Havana (Cuba) participated in a randomised crossover trial. Group A received first an intervention involving body-centred practices (body scan and Hatha yoga) and a second intervention involving mind-centred practices (focused attention and open monitoring meditation). Group B received the same interventions but in reverse order. Four measures (anxiety, stress, burnout syndrome, and antecedents of burnout) were measured at baseline, posttest1, posttest2, and 6-months follow-up.
ResultsAfter the first intervention, there was a between-group difference for burnout syndrome, but the ES was similar for both groups. After the second intervention (implementing both practises), groups showed the largest effect sizes, and there was a between-group difference for antecedents of burnout. Results were partially maintained at 6-month follow-up.
ConclusionThese results suggest that mind-centred practises can be as effective as body-centred practises for stress, anxiety and burnout reduction. The combination of both types of practises could be the most effective way of teaching mindfulness. About the sequence of implementation, teaching mind-centred practises first and then body-centred practises could be most effective for reducing antecedents of burnout.
Clinical Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03296254.

背景：心理健康从业者群体中，焦虑、压力与职业倦怠已成为日益严峻的现实，对从业者自身及其服务的来访者均造成负面影响。基于正念的干预手段（Mindfulness-based interventions, MBIs）已被证实可有效缓解上述困扰，但目前针对古巴地区MBI应用效果的相关研究仍较为匮乏。
研究目标：对比两种短程基于正念的干预手段在缓解焦虑、工作压力及职业倦怠方面的有效性。
研究方法：本研究共招募104名来自古巴哈瓦那的心理健康从业者，采用随机交叉试验设计。A组首先接受以躯体为中心的干预（躯体扫描与哈他瑜伽），随后接受以心智为中心的干预（专注注意力与开放监控冥想）；B组则接受顺序相反的相同干预流程。研究在基线、首次干预后、第二次干预后以及6个月随访时，分别对四个指标进行测评：焦虑水平、工作压力、职业倦怠综合征以及职业倦怠前驱因素。
研究结果：首次干预后，两组在职业倦怠综合征维度上存在组间差异，但两组的效应量（effect size, ES）相近。在完成两种干预手段后的第二次干预后，两组均展现出最大的效应量，且在职业倦怠前驱因素维度上存在显著组间差异。上述干预效果在6个月随访时得到部分维持。
研究结论：本研究结果表明，针对缓解压力、焦虑与职业倦怠而言，以心智为中心的干预手段与以躯体为中心的干预手段效果相当。将两类干预手段结合，或许是教授正念练习的最优方案。就实施顺序而言，先开展以心智为中心的练习、再辅以以躯体为中心的练习，或可更有效地改善职业倦怠前驱因素。
临床试验注册：www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT03296254。