SELF-SACRIFICE AS THE HIGHEST FORM OF GOOD IN K. G. PAUSTOVSKY'S SHORT STORY "THE SCRUFFY SPARROW"

The article examines the problem of self-sacrifice as the highest moral value in K. G. Paustovsky’s short story “The Scruffy Sparrow.” The analysis focuses on the artistic system of the work, in which the motifs of kindness, gratitude, memory, and fidelity form an integral moral and philosophical space. Special attention is paid to the image of the sparrow Pashka as a bearer of the idea of selfless service to others, as well as to the symbolism of the crystal bouquet, which unites the themes of love, promise, and spiritual continuity. It is demonstrated that self-sacrifice in the story manifests itself on different levels — human and “natural” — allowing the author to affirm the universal nature of good as the foundation of a harmonious world order. The article concludes by emphasizing the significance of a child’s perception of the world and of art (theater) in the formation of moral values and in the artistic concept of the work.本文考察了康·格·帕乌斯托夫斯基（K. G. Paustovsky）短篇小说《邋遢的麻雀》（The Scruffy Sparrow）中以自我牺牲为最高道德价值的相关议题。分析聚焦于该作品的艺术体系，其中善良、感恩、回忆与忠诚的母题（motif）共同构成了完整的道德与哲学空间。本文特别关注了作为无私服务他人理念承载者的麻雀帕什卡形象，以及融合了爱、承诺与精神传承主题的水晶花束的象征意蕴。研究表明，该作品中的自我牺牲呈现于人类与“自然”两个不同层面，借此作者肯定了善的普遍性作为和谐世界秩序的根基。本文结尾着重强调了儿童对世界与艺术（戏剧）的感知，在道德价值观塑造以及作品艺术构思构建中的重要意义。