Baseline of Next-Generation Arctic Marine Shipping Assessments - Oldest Pan-Arctic Satellite Automatic Identification System (AIS) Data Record of Maritime Ship Traffic, ancillary data 2009-2010

The Arctic is prominent in the history of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), following the RMS Titanic disaster in 1912 and soon signing in London of the Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea in 1914. Eighty years later, the IMO initiated a process to manage shipping in ice-covered oceans. In concert with the IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-Covered Waters in 2002 and their 2004 release of the Arctic 2004 Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, the Arctic Council initiated the Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment (AMSA), which issued its final report in 2009. Primary sources of data for AMSA involved ship tracking from ground-station Automatic Identification System (AIS), shore-based radar systems and details of fishing vessels as well as other smaller ships provided by the Arctic nations. However, Arctic ship traffic fundamentally changed the year of the AMSA report, when satellite AIS records began providing continuous, synoptic, pan-Arctic coverage of individual ships with data pulsed over seconds to minutes. This data packages contains data collected by satellite AIS from from 1 September 2009 through 31 December 2010. Future questions can be considered to assess ship attributes (including vessel flag state, size and type) in view of biophysical and socio-economic variables, recognizing that shipping and sea ice are recognized as primary drivers of change in the Arctic Ocean. Contributions to these assessments come from all areas of science (inclusively defined as the study of change), across the natural and social sciences with Indigenous knowledge in an holistic (international, interdisciplinary and inclusive) manner to achieve Arctic sustainability across generations. As a practical outcome in a user-defined manner, this chapter reveals characteristics of next-generation Arctic marine shipping assessments, revealing patterns and trends that can be applied to informed decisionmaking about the governance mechanisms and built infrastructure as well as operations for multilateral stability and sustainable development in the new Arctic Ocean.
This dataset contains ancillary data about individual ships monitored using the satellite Automatic Identification System (AIS) for 2009 and 2010.

北极在国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization, IMO）的发展历程中占据重要地位。1912年“泰坦尼克号（RMS Titanic）”海难发生后，该组织于1914年在伦敦签署了《国际海上人命安全公约》。八十年后，国际海事组织启动了冰区海洋航运管理相关工作。2002年，国际海事组织发布《北极冰区水域船舶航行指南》，并于2004年推出《北极气候影响评估》；同期北极理事会（Arctic Council）启动北极海洋航运评估（Arctic Marine Shipping Assessment, AMSA）项目，并于2009年发布最终报告。AMSA的核心数据来源最初包括地面站自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System, AIS）的船舶追踪数据、岸基雷达系统数据，以及北极各国提供的渔船及其他小型船舶的相关详情。但在AMSA报告发布的当年，北极船舶航运格局发生了根本性转变：卫星AIS记录开始提供连续、全域、同步的泛北极范围单船追踪数据，数据更新频次可达秒级至分钟级。本数据集涵盖2009年9月1日至2010年12月31日期间由卫星AIS采集的相关数据。未来可结合生物物理与社会经济变量，评估船舶属性（包括船旗国、船舶吨位与船型），需认识到航运活动与海冰覆盖是北冰洋环境变化的核心驱动因素。相关评估工作应整合自然科学与社会科学领域的所有相关研究（广义上可定义为变化研究），并以国际化、跨学科、包容性的整体性方式融入原住民知识，以实现北极地区的代际可持续发展。作为以贴合用户需求的实践成果，本章阐述了下一代北极海洋航运评估的核心特征，揭示了可用于支撑基于充分信息的决策的模式与趋势，覆盖北极新海洋的治理机制、实体基础设施建设及运营领域，助力实现多边稳定与可持续发展。

本数据集包含2009至2010年期间，通过卫星自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System, AIS）监测的单艘船舶的辅助数据。