Equivalent Temperature of Each Body Segment.

With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the public’s demand for automobile diversification is growing steadily.People are no longer satisfied with basic driving convenience, more attention is now directed to the thermal comfort of the cabin. In order to build the relationship between in-vehicle environment parameters and thermal comfort index, the concept of equivalent temperature (Teq) was introduced, and then the DTM reflecting the thermal comfort of the human body was applied to the simulation of ANSYS Fluent. For a specific working condition of the vehicle air conditioning, the equivalent temperature of the in-vehicle environment was tested by the DTM, and it was found that the highest Teq (approximately 27°C) was observed in the foot region of the passenger. The Teq of most areas of the passenger’s body was relatively low, especially in the temperature sensitive torso, it was about 15–20°C. Numerical calculations for the same working conditions were carried out using the DTM. By comparing the results of Teq between the DTM and the physical thermal manikin, it was found that the results are very similar, the Teq deviation was less than 3℃, indicating that DTM can be used to measure Teq instead of physical thermal manikin. Finally, the DTM model was used to optimize the air outlet of the vehicle air conditioning system. The results showed that the best comfort was achieved when the air velocity was 4 m/s, the outlet temperature was 25℃, and the airflow was directed toward the occupant’s abdomen.This study demonstrates that DTM can replace physical experiments in thermal comfort evaluation, providing an efficient and low-cost approach for optimizing vehicle HVAC design.

随着汽车工业的迅猛发展，公众对汽车产品多样化的需求持续攀升。人们已不再满足于基础的驾驶便捷性，转而愈发关注座舱内的热舒适表现。为构建车内环境参数与热舒适指标间的关联，研究人员引入了等效温度（equivalent temperature，Teq）的概念，随后将表征人体热舒适性的DTM应用于ANSYS Fluent仿真之中。针对某一特定的车辆空调工况，研究人员通过DTM测试了车内环境的等效温度，结果发现乘客足部区域的Teq最高，约为27℃。乘客身体多数区域的Teq相对较低，尤其是对温度敏感的躯干区域，其Teq约为15~20℃。研究人员采用DTM对同一工况开展了数值计算。通过对比DTM与实体热人体模型的Teq测试结果，发现二者结果高度吻合，Teq偏差小于3℃，这表明DTM可替代实体热人体模型用于Teq的测量。最后，研究人员借助DTM模型对车辆空调系统的出风口进行了优化设计。结果表明，当气流速度为4m/s、出风口温度为25℃且气流朝向乘员腹部时，座舱热舒适性最优。本研究证明，DTM可替代实体实验用于热舒适性评价，为车辆HVAC系统的优化设计提供了一种高效且低成本的技术路径。