‘Prata-Anã’ banana under irrigation levels, planting densities and bunch trimming

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the effect of planting densities, irrigation levels and bunch trimming on yield, fruit grading and water-use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana plants. The following factors were combined in a randomized block design: three irrigation levels (IL), 50, 75 and 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc); four planting densities (PD)- 1,666; 2,083; 2,666 and 3,333 plants ha-1; and two bunch trimming treatments (BT), removal of either one or two hands from the bunch. The treatments were arranged in a split-split plot design. Irrigation level was assigned to main plots, PD to subplots and BT to sub-subplots, with four replicates. Measurements were made in the first production cycle. Removing two hands increased number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, fruit weight, fruit diameter, total hand weight and mean hand weight of ‘Prata-Anã’ banana plants. A plant density population of 3,333 plants ha-1 combined with an irrigation level at 75% ETc improves plant development and yield while maintaining fruit size and saving water, regardless of removal of one or two hands from the bunch.

摘要 本研究旨在评估种植密度、灌溉水平及果梳修剪对‘Prata-Anã’香蕉植株的产量、果实分级与水分利用效率（Water-Use Efficiency, WUE）的影响。试验采用随机区组设计组合以下因素：3个灌溉水平（Irrigation Levels, IL），即分别为作物蒸发蒸腾量（Crop Evapotranspiration, ETc）的50%、75%与100%；4个种植密度（Planting Densities, PD）：1666、2083、2666及3333株·公顷⁻¹；以及2种果梳修剪（Bunch Trimming, BT）处理：去除果穗上1梳或2梳果实。试验采用裂裂区设计布置处理：主区划分为灌溉水平，副区设置种植密度，副副区设置果梳修剪处理，共设置4次重复，所有测定均在首个生产周期内完成。

去除2梳果实可提升‘Prata-Anã’香蕉植株的叶片数、叶面积、叶面积指数、单果重量、果实直径、总果梳重量及平均果梳重量。当种植密度为3333株·公顷⁻¹且灌溉水平为75%ETc时，无论去除1梳还是2梳果实，均可在维持果实大小、节约灌溉用水的前提下，促进植株生长并提高产量。