Impacts of Sulfur and Microalgae Co-fertilization on Saline-alkaline Soil of Sunflower Field in Hetao Irrigation District

[Objectives]To evaluate the impacts of the elemental sulfur (S0) and micro-algae (MA) co-fertilization on saline-alkaline soil of sunflower field in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID). [Methods]The greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with four treatments: control (CK), single S0fertilization (S), single MA fertilization (A), and S0and MA co-fertilization (SA) for comparing the selected soil properties and sunflower plant heights and weights in different treatments. [Results]The results showed that the mean soil organic matter (SOM) under the SA (25.08 g/kg) was significantly higher than that for the CK (20.59 g/kg), S (22.47 g/kg), and A (22.95 g/kg). The mean pH under the SA (7.75) was significantly lower than that for the CK (8.14), S (7.82), and A (7.96). The mean soil exchangeable Na+concentration under the SA was significantly lower than that for the S. The mean soil electrical conductivity (EC) under the SA was 9.76% lower than that for the S. The means of Cl-(1.22 g/kg) and width=31,height=15,dpi=110(1.90 g/kg) in soil under the SA were lower than that for the S (1.30, 2.06 g/kg)and A (1.31, 1.97 g/kg), respectively. For plant height 3 at the late stage of plant growth, the mean plant height 3 under the SA (89.00 cm) was higher than that of the CK (69.60 cm) and A (74.33 cm). The total weights of the fresh sunflower heads, fresh stems, and dry seeds under the SA were higher than that for the CK, S, and A. [Conclusions]In conclusion, the S0and MA co-fertilization had positive effects on improving saline-alkaline soils, the soil under the S0and MA co-fertilization could be better conditions for promoting sunflower growth than that for the S, Z, and CK, and thereby the S0and MA co-fertilization could be a new idea to improve saline-alkaline soil in the cold and arid regions.

【研究目标】评估河套灌区（Hetao Irrigation District, HID）内元素硫（elemental sulfur, S⁰）与微藻（micro-algae, MA）配施对向日葵田盐碱土壤的影响。
【研究方法】本研究开展温室盆栽试验，设置4个处理组：对照组（CK）、单施元素硫组（S）、单施微藻组（A）以及元素硫与微藻配施组（SA），对比不同处理下的选定土壤理化性质及向日葵株高与生物量。
【研究结果】结果表明，配施组（SA）的土壤有机质（soil organic matter, SOM）均值为25.08 g/kg，显著高于对照组（20.59 g/kg）、单施硫组（22.47 g/kg）与单施藻组（22.95 g/kg）。配施组的土壤pH均值为7.75，显著低于对照组（8.14）、单施硫组（7.82）与单施藻组（7.96）。配施组的土壤交换性钠离子浓度均值显著低于单施硫组。配施组的土壤电导率（electrical conductivity, EC）均值较单施硫组降低9.76%。配施组土壤的氯离子（Cl⁻）均值为1.22 g/kg，另一盐分离子均值为1.90 g/kg，分别低于单施硫组的1.30 g/kg与2.06 g/kg，以及单施藻组的1.31 g/kg与1.97 g/kg。在作物生长后期的第3次株高测定中，配施组的株高均值为89.00 cm，高于对照组的69.60 cm与单施藻组的74.33 cm。配施组的向日葵鲜花盘、鲜茎秆及干种子总重量均高于对照组、单施硫组与单施藻组。
【研究结论】综上，元素硫与微藻配施对盐碱土壤改良具有积极作用；相较于单施硫组、单施藻组与对照组，元素硫与微藻配施下的土壤更利于向日葵生长，因此元素硫与微藻配施可为寒旱区盐碱土壤改良提供新思路。