Data_Sheet_1_Motivation and Intention Toward Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives From Integrated Model of Self-Determination and Planned Behavior Theories.docx

Background: In attempts to hinder the spread of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries have continued distancing, isolation, and quarantine measures, which has led to limited opportunity of physical activity. This study provides empirical support for a motivational process behind physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic by testing the influence of psychosocial variables derived from the integrated model of self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB).
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Korean adults (N = 248). Participants completed the measures of SDT and TPB constructs modified to reflect their participation in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample size of 243 participants was employed, and the integrated model was tested using serial multiple mediation analysis to check the hypothesized relationships.
Results: Findings indicated that in the COVID-19 context, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs positively predicts the level of self-determined motivations for physical activity, which is partially related to the level of social cognitive beliefs and intentions. The findings also demonstrated that attitude toward physical activity during COVID-19 was a major variable explaining the serial multiple relationships between the SDT and TPB constructs. The potential influence of demographics (gender, age, marital status, and past physical activity) was controlled as a covariate, and no significant effects were identified.
Conclusion: The current study identified the psychosocial mechanisms of intention of South Koreans' physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, which could be used as an empirical basis for the development of interventions to maintain or strengthen physical activity in unprecedented situations.

背景：为遏制2019冠状病毒病（Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19）的传播，多国持续推行社交距离、隔离与检疫措施，此举导致民众身体活动的机会受到显著限制。本研究依托自我决定理论（Self-determination Theory, SDT）与计划行为理论（Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB）的整合模型所衍生的社会心理变量，检验其对新冠疫情期间身体活动的影响，为疫情背景下身体活动背后的动机过程提供实证支撑。
方法：本研究针对韩国成年人群体开展横断面调查，初始样本量为248。参与者完成针对新冠疫情期间身体活动参与情况修订的自我决定理论（SDT）与计划行为理论（TPB）构念测量量表。本研究最终纳入243份有效样本，采用序列多重中介分析对整合模型进行检验，以验证所提出的假设性关系。
结果：研究结果表明，在新冠疫情情境中，基本心理需求满足可正向预测身体活动的自决动机水平，该动机水平与社会认知信念及行为意向水平存在部分关联。研究同时证实，新冠疫情期间对身体活动的态度是解释SDT与TPB构念间序列多重关系的核心变量。本研究将人口统计学变量（性别、年龄、婚姻状况及既往身体活动水平）作为协变量进行控制，未发现其存在显著影响。
结论：本研究阐明了韩国成年人在新冠疫情期间身体活动意向的社会心理机制，可为在史无前例的特殊情境下制定维持或强化身体活动的干预措施提供实证依据。