Orthomosaic Image and Digital Surface Model for the Bugeye Lakes Complex, Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska, July 2022

Taken together, lakes and drained lake basins may cover up to 80% of the lowland landscapes in permafrost regions of the Arctic. Lake formation, growth, and drainage in lowland permafrost regions create a terrestrial and aquatic landscape mosaic of importance to geomorphic and hydrologic processes, tundra vegetation communities, permafrost and ground-ice characteristics, biogeochemical cycling, wildlife habitat, and human land-use activities. Our project focuses on quantifying the role of thermokarst lake expansion, drainage, and drained lake basin evolution in the Arctic System. We did this through a combination of field studies, environmental sensor networks, remote sensing, and modeling.
This dataset consists of an orthomosaic and digital surface model (DSM) derived from drone surveys on 19 and 20 July 2022 at the Bugeye Lakes Complex on the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska. 5,968 digital images were acquired from a DJI Phantom 4 Real-Time Kinematic (DJI P4RTK) quadcopter with a DJI D-RTK 2 Mobile Base Station. The mapped area was around 320 hectares (ha). The drone system was flown at 120 meters (m) above ground level (agl) and flight speeds varied from 7–8 meters/second (m/s). The orientation of the camera was set to 90 degrees (i.e. looking straight down). The along-track overlap and across-track overlap of the mission were set at 80% and 70%, respectively. All images were processed in the software Pix4D Mapper (v. 4.8.4) using the standard 3D Maps workflow and the accurate geolocation and orientation calibration method to produce the orthophoto mosaic and digital surface model at spatial resolutions of 5 and 10 centimeters (cm), respectively. A Leica Viva differential global positioning system (GPS) provided ground control for the mission and the data were post-processed to WGS84 UTM Zone 5 North in Ellipsoid Heights (meters). Elevation information derived over waterbodies is noisy and does not represent the surface elevation of the feature.

总体而言，湖泊与已干涸湖盆可能覆盖北极多年冻土区低地景观的80%。低地多年冻土区的湖泊形成、扩张与干涸过程，造就了对地貌与水文过程、苔原植被群落、多年冻土与地下冰特征、生物地球化学循环、野生动物栖息地及人类土地利用活动具有重要意义的陆地与水生景观镶嵌体。本项目旨在量化热融湖（thermokarst lake）扩张、干涸及已干涸湖盆演化在北极系统中的作用，研究方法结合了实地调查、环境传感器网络、遥感与建模技术。

本数据集包含2022年7月19-20日在阿拉斯加北部北极海岸平原Bugeye湖群区域通过无人机调查获取的正射镶嵌图与数字表面模型（DSM）。数据采集使用大疆Phantom 4实时动态定位（DJI P4RTK）四旋翼无人机及DJI D-RTK 2移动基站，共获取5968张数字影像，测绘区域约320公顷（ha）。无人机飞行高度为地面以上120米（agl），速度范围7-8米/秒（m/s），相机朝向设置为90度（即垂直向下），航向重叠与旁向重叠分别设置为80%和70%。所有影像通过Pix4D Mapper（v.4.8.4）软件处理，采用标准3D地图工作流及精确地理定位与定向校准方法，生成空间分辨率分别为5厘米和10厘米（cm）的正射影像镶嵌图与数字表面模型。徕卡Viva差分全球定位系统（GPS）提供地面控制，数据后处理为WGS84 UTM 5北带椭球高（单位：米）。需注意，水体区域的高程信息存在噪声，无法准确反映该区域的表面高程。