Data_Sheet_1_Yeast mannoproteins are expected to be a novel potential functional food for attenuation of obesity and modulation of gut microbiota.pdf

The yeast mannoproteins (MPs), a major component of yeast cell walls with large exploration potentiality, have been attracting increasing attention due to their beneficial effects. However, the information about the anti-obesogenic activity of MPs is still limited. Thus, the effects of MPs on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota were investigated in this work. The results showed that MPs could significantly attenuate the HFD-induced higher body weight, fat accumulation, liver steatosis, and damage. Simultaneously, the inflammation in HFD-induced mice was also ameliorated by MPs. The pyrosequencing analysis showed that intervention by MPs could lead to an obvious change in the structure of gut microbiota. Furthermore, the prevention of obesity by MPs is highly linked to the promotion of Parabacteroides distasonis (increased from 0.39 ± 0.12% to 2.10 ± 0.20%) and inhibition of Lactobacillus (decreased from 19.99 ± 3.94% to 2.68 ± 0.77%). Moreover, the increased level of acetate (increased from 3.28 ± 0.22 mmol/g to 7.84 ± 0.96 mmol/g) and activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) by MPs may also contribute to the prevention of obesity. Thus, our preliminary findings revealed that MPs from yeast could be explored as potential prebiotics to modulate the gut microbiota and prevent HFD-induced obesity.

酵母甘露聚糖蛋白（yeast mannoproteins, MPs）作为酵母细胞壁的核心组分，拥有巨大的开发潜力，因其诸多有益生理功效而受到学界日益广泛的关注。然而，当前关于MPs抗肥胖活性的相关研究信息仍较为匮乏。据此，本研究探究了MPs对高脂饮食（high-fat diet, HFD）诱导的小鼠肥胖及肠道菌群失调的干预作用。实验结果显示，MPs可显著缓解高脂饮食诱导的体质量增加、脂肪堆积、肝脏脂肪变性及组织损伤；同时，MPs还可改善高脂饮食小鼠的炎症状态。焦磷酸测序分析表明，MPs干预可显著重塑肠道菌群的结构组成。进一步机制分析发现，MPs的抗肥胖效应与迪氏副杆菌（Parabacteroides distasonis）的增殖（丰度从0.39 ± 0.12%提升至2.10 ± 0.20%）以及乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）的丰度抑制（从19.99 ± 3.94%降至2.68 ± 0.77%）高度相关。此外，MPs可提升乙酸盐水平（从3.28 ± 0.22 mmol/g增至7.84 ± 0.96 mmol/g）并激活G蛋白偶联受体（G protein-coupled receptors, GPRs），这一效应也可能参与介导MPs的抗肥胖作用。综上，本研究初步证实，酵母来源的MPs可作为潜在益生元，用于调控肠道菌群并预防高脂饮食诱导的肥胖。