Parallel allochronic divergence in a winter moth due to disruption of reproductive period by winter harshness

The disruption of reproductive timing by climatic harshness may result in the temporal isolation of conspecific populations and, ultimately, in speciation. However, whether temporal isolation alone can act as the force initiating speciation and how often the same type of climatic disruption results in the divergence of allochronic populations in a lineage is largely unknown. The reproductive period of the winter geometrid moth Inurois punctigera is separated into early and late winter in habitats with severe winters, but not in habitats with mild winters, suggesting that the reproductive season is disrupted by the harshness of the mid-winter period. Here, we show that sympatric pairs of early- and late-winter populations that differ in origin exist in different regions, suggesting a parallel divergence of reproductive timing. In each region, significant genetic differentiation exists between these early- and late-winter populations, suggesting that the temporal reproductive isolation ha...

气候恶劣对繁殖时间的干扰可能导致同种种群的时间隔离，最终引发物种形成。然而，时间隔离本身是否能作为启动物种形成的驱动力，以及同一类型的气候干扰在一个谱系中导致异时种群（allochronic populations）分化的频率如何，目前在很大程度上仍不明确。冬尺蛾（Inurois punctigera）的繁殖期在冬季严寒的栖息地中被分为早冬和晚冬两个阶段，但在冬季温和的栖息地中则不会，这表明繁殖季节受到了隆冬时期恶劣气候的干扰。本研究表明，起源不同的早冬和晚冬种群的同域配对存在于不同区域，这暗示了繁殖时间的平行分化。在每个区域，这些早冬和晚冬种群之间存在显著的遗传分化，这表明时间繁殖隔离已...