Lab 2 Plant Observation.

Transects measuring tape was used to record the diameter of 10 randomly selected trees of the same species in the wood at York university. The weather was clear and the sun was shiny and a perfect day to go out and study the environment. The study started approximately at 3:00 pm on Monday. The woods were covered with different types of trees so only one species was picked (probably the most common one) and 10 random trees of that species were. Diameter of the trees were measured and recorded. The species of the tree studied is either Elm or willow. Once the diameter of the randomly selected adult tree was measured, I looked for a sapling of the same species nearby, the distance between the adult tree and the sapling was measured (which should be near the adult tree) and the observations were recorded. After measuring the distance between the sapling and the adult tree , the diameter of the sapling was taken using the measuring tape (usually it is tiny compared to that of the adult tree). All observations were recorded. For the coverage of the adult tree, I used a camera to take a still image of the tree (is was the equivalent of making a square with the fingers. Then I looked at the picture and estimated how much sky I saw. Its was decided that too much of the sky means the leaves coverage. After writing down all the observations percentages were estimated. Branches of the trees were shook whenever I faced a problem locating its leaves since most of the trees are entangled to each other. It was made sure that all description of study site and recordable environment condions and the time of the day were written down.

本研究采用样带测量卷尺（transect measuring tape），对约克大学林地内10株同物种随机选取树木的直径进行了记录。当日天气晴朗、阳光充足，是开展环境调研的理想时日。本次研究于周一下午约3点启动。该林地内生长有多种林木，因此仅选取其中一个物种（大概率为当地优势物种），并从中随机选取10株个体，随后对其直径进行测量并记录。本次研究选取的物种为榆树（Elm）或柳树（Willow）。在完成随机选取的成年树木的直径测量后，我在其周边寻找同物种的幼树，测量该幼树与成年树之间的间距（幼树应紧邻成年树分布），并将观测结果逐一记录。完成幼树与成年树间距的测量后，使用卷尺测量幼树的直径（通常幼树直径远小于成年树），并将所有观测数据记录在册。针对成年树的树冠覆盖度，我使用相机拍摄该树的静态照片（拍摄方式相当于用手指框出方形取景范围）。随后查看照片，估算可见天空的占比：一般而言，可见天空占比过高代表树冠叶片覆盖度不足。在记录完所有观测数据后，对各项占比进行估算。由于多数林木枝干相互缠绕，当难以定位目标叶片时，我会摇晃树木枝干以辅助观察。确保所有关于研究样地、可记录环境条件以及当日时间的信息均已完整留存。