Winter Rainfall Zone 2019 station rainfall dataset

The publicly available components of the WRZ (South African Winter Rainfall Zone) 2019 rainfall dataset. Please acknowledge the original data providers when using these data! These data are collected here in a consistent format, for easy use and assimilation, or to preserve them if they become unavailable in the future.

The data cover the period 1979-2019. The 24-hour recording period for daily totals in all cases end 8am the following day.

WRZ2019meta.csv contains a list of the stations used in the dataset with meta data.

Data that are freely accessible are uploaded in this item: daily data in wide-format and monthly data in long-format. Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation (DWS) monthly (suffix: mon) and daily (suffix: 2019) data are included. SAWS (South African Weather Service) daily data and CoCT daily and monthly data are not freely accessible and can be requested for research purposed from [e-mail] (SAWS) or (CoCT). SAWS cumulative data are also recorded in wide-format: monthly data in Mon_dwb.csv, 10-day data in totals (with end date specified as "date") in 10dayrain.csv and others in SAWS_cumulates.csv. SAWS accumulated data are provisional totals obtained from: https://www.weathersa.co.za/home/recentclimate. Wide-format daily SYNOP data for 2016-2019 obtained from meteomanz.com are included in the mm2019.csv.

For the metadata file, the first column (Station Name) contains the names data providers use for their stations, the second column (Name Used) contains the name of the station used in our study. This name may differ from the original to ensure that the same name is used for all records from a given station, to ensure uniqueness where multiple stations have the same name, or in the interest of shortness and familiarity.

The "Source" column identifies the institution providing the data:
> "SAWS" is the South African Weather Service (data not freely available: request from [e-mail]);
> "DWS" is the South African National Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation, whose data are included in this item, and can be downloaded freely from https://www.dws.gov.za/Hydrology/Verified/hymain.aspx;
> "CoCT" is the City of Cape Town Bulk Water Department; these data may be requested from [e-mail]; weekly updates of some of these data are published at: https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City research reports and review/damlevels.pdf;
> "mm" means data were obtained from SYNOP reports of SAWS stations available through http://www.meteomanz.com/

The latitude ("lat"), longitude ("lon") and elevation ("elev") of the station provided by this institution is then listed (NA if none is provided), followed by the ID code it uses to identify the station and the start and end dates of their record used here. The "Equivalent" column lists other institutions with records for the same station. The "Nearest Neighbour" column indicates whether nearest neighbour infilling is preferentially employed for a given station, in this case listing the stations used as its neighbours; NA indicates that nearest neighbour infilling is not applied for this station. The type column indicates whether the record is a primary record for a station in dataset ("primary"), used exclusiviely as a nearest neighbour ("NN"), or to extend the POR of a primary record forward or backward ("completion").

本数据集为WRZ（南非冬季降雨区，South African Winter Rainfall Zone）2019年降雨数据集的公开可用部分。使用这些数据时，请注明原始数据提供者！本次整理将所有数据统一为标准格式，便于使用与数据同化，或在原始数据未来无法获取时留存备份。
数据覆盖时段为1979年至2019年。所有每日总量的24小时统计时段均于次日早8点结束。
WRZ2019meta.csv 包含本数据集所用全部气象站的元数据清单。
本项目上传了可自由获取的数据：包括宽格式日数据集与长格式月数据集。其中包含南非水利与卫生部（Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation, DWS）的月数据（后缀：mon）与日数据（后缀：2019）。南非气象局（South African Weather Service, SAWS）的日数据以及开普敦市政府（City of Cape Town, CoCT）的日、月数据无法自由获取，若用于研究目的，可分别向[e-mail]（SAWS）或开普敦市政府申请获取。
SAWS的累积数据同样采用宽格式存储：月数据存储于Mon_dwb.csv，以"date"字段指定结束日期的10日总量数据存储于10dayrain.csv，其余累积数据存储于SAWS_cumulates.csv。SAWS的累积数据为从https://www.weathersa.co.za/home/recentclimate 获取的暂定总量。2016-2019年的宽格式每日SYNOP数据（从meteomanz.com获取）已包含在mm2019.csv中。
对于元数据文件，第一列（Station Name，站名称）为数据提供者对其气象站的官方命名；第二列（Name Used，使用名称）为本研究中采用的气象站名称。该命名可能与原始命名存在差异，目的是确保同一气象站的所有记录使用统一标识，避免同名气象站产生混淆，或为简化名称、提升辨识度。
"Source"（来源）列用于标识提供数据的机构：
> "SAWS"即南非气象局，该类数据无法自由获取，需向[e-mail]申请；
> "DWS"即南非国家水利与卫生部，其数据已包含在本项目中，可从https://www.dws.gov.za/Hydrology/Verified/hymain.aspx 免费下载；
> "CoCT"即开普敦市水务总局，相关数据可向[e-mail]申请获取；部分数据的周度更新版本可从https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/damlevels.pdf 获取；
> "mm"表示数据来自http://www.meteomanz.com 公开的SAWS站SYNOP观测报告。
随后依次列出该机构提供的气象站纬度（lat，纬度）、经度（lon，经度）与海拔（elev，海拔），若无相关信息则标注为NA；接下来是该机构用于标识该气象站的ID代码，以及本研究中采用的该站记录的起始与结束日期。"Equivalent"（等效机构）列列出了拥有该气象站记录的其他合作机构。"Nearest Neighbour"（最近邻插值）列标注了是否对该气象站优先采用最近邻插值填充缺失值，若为是则列出作为其插值邻站的气象站；标注NA则表示未对该站采用最近邻插值。"type"（记录类型）列用于标注记录的角色：为对应气象站在本数据集的主记录（primary）、仅用作最近邻插值的参考邻站（NN），或用于延长主记录的时段范围（向前或向后补充记录时段（Period of Record, POR））（completion）。