Underlying data.

Existing research predominantly delves into the environmental governance performance of the digital economy, ignoring the latent values of data factors. Public Data Open Platforms (PDOPs) have released vast amounts of public data, fostering high-level applications of data across multiple industries and domains. By employing panel data from 281 cities in China spanning 2006–2021, we empirically verify the impact of PDOPs on city-level carbon reduction, supported by various robustness tests, including the PSM-DID and placebo tests. Moreover, we emphasize that promoting green technology innovation and optimizing resource allocation efficiency are pivotal pathways through which PDOPs can enhance their carbon reduction effects. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that cities with more advanced digital infrastructure and higher market integration experience a more pronounced carbon reduction impact from PDOPs. Additionally, resource-abundant cities benefit more from PDOPs’ carbon reduction effects than resource-scarce ones.

现有研究多聚焦于数字经济的环境治理绩效，却忽视了数据要素的潜在价值。公共数据开放平台（Public Data Open Platforms，PDOPs）已释放海量公共数据，推动数据在多行业、多领域实现高阶应用。本研究采用2006—2021年中国281个地级市的面板数据，通过倾向得分匹配-双重差分法（PSM-DID）、安慰剂检验等多种稳健性检验，实证验证了公共数据开放平台对城市层面碳减排的影响效应。此外，本研究明确指出，推动绿色技术创新与优化资源配置效率，是公共数据开放平台强化碳减排效应的关键路径。异质性分析结果显示，数字基础设施更完善、市场一体化程度更高的城市，公共数据开放平台的碳减排效应更为显著。此外，相较资源匮乏型城市，资源丰裕型城市能从公共数据开放平台的碳减排效应中获取更多收益。