Parkes observations for project P1054 semester 2021OCTS_16

With this proposal we ask time to continue our timing follow-up campaign of pulsars discovered with the MeerKAT telescope. Nine sources have been discovered in targeted observations of Fermi unidentified point sources, three in the Small Magellanic Cloud, 34 in Globular Clusters and six in a survey of the Galactic plane. Excluding GC sources (too dim to be followed up in the framework of this proposal), at least 12 new discoveries are recycled pulsars, one possibly with a neutron star companion, and two more have spin periods around 70 ms, making them potential mildly recycled or young pulsars. Timing observations have an essential role in exploiting the full potential of any pulsar discovery, allowing the precise measurement of rotational, astrometric and orbital parameters which, in turn, give us powerful tools to improve our understanding of the physics in extreme environments as well as of the population of neutron stars as a whole. The UWL receiver of the Parkes telescope is a sensitive, versatile instrument that is allowing us to successfully time these new sources, in the bright-end of TRAPUM discoveries. The UWL has also the unique advantage of allowing detailed studies of the eclipses of the so-called 'spider' pulsars, which make up about 1/3rd of the sources we aim at following-up with this project.

本提案旨在延续对MeerKAT望远镜发现的脉冲星的计时后续观测项目。在针对费米（Fermi）未识别点源的定向观测中发现了9个源，在小麦哲伦云（Small Magellanic Cloud）中发现3个，在球状星团（Globular Clusters）中发现34个，在银道面（Galactic plane）巡天中发现6个。排除球状星团源（GC源，因亮度不足无法在本提案框架内开展后续观测），至少12个新发现为再生脉冲星，其中1个可能拥有中子星伴星，另有2个自旋周期约为70毫秒，或为潜在的轻度再生脉冲星或年轻脉冲星。计时观测对于充分挖掘脉冲星发现的全部潜力至关重要，它能够精确测量旋转、天体测量及轨道参数，而这些参数反过来为我们提供了强有力的工具，以深化对极端环境物理过程及中子星整体种群的理解。帕克斯望远镜（Parkes telescope）的UWL接收器是一款高灵敏度、多功能的仪器，能够成功对TRAPUM项目发现的亮端新源进行计时观测。UWL还具备独特优势，可对所谓的“蜘蛛脉冲星”（'spider' pulsars）进行详细的掩食研究，这类脉冲星约占本项目拟后续观测源的三分之一。