Chemical composition and larvicidal activities of essential oil of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) leaf against Anopheles stephensi

Abstract INTRODUCTION Anopheles stephensi is the main malaria vector in Southeast Asia. Recently, plant-sourced larvicides are attracting great interests. METHODS: The essential oil was extracted from the leaf of Cinnamomum camphora (L.), and a bioassay was conducted to determine the larvicidal efficacy. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS analysis. RESULTS: The oil showed strong, dose-dependent larvicidal activities. The onset of larvicidal efficiency was rapid. The LC50 and LC95 were determined as 0.146% and 1.057% at 1 h, 0.031% and 0.237% at 12 h, 0.026% and 0.128% at 24 h, respectively. The oil contains 32 compounds. CONCLUSIONS The essential oil of C. camphora leaf has an excellent larvicidal potential for the control of A. stephensi.

摘要 引言：斯氏按蚊（Anopheles stephensi）是东南亚地区主要的疟疾传播媒介。近年来，植物源杀幼虫剂受到学界广泛关注。
方法：本研究从樟树（Cinnamomum camphora (L.)）叶片中提取挥发油，通过生物测定法检测其杀幼虫活性，并采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析技术鉴定该挥发油的化学成分。
结果：该挥发油展现出显著的剂量依赖性杀幼虫活性，且起效迅速。在暴露1小时、12小时、24小时时，其半数致死浓度（LC50）分别为0.146%、0.031%、0.026%，95%致死浓度（LC95）分别为1.057%、0.237%、0.128%。该挥发油共包含32种化学成分。
结论：樟树叶挥发油对斯氏按蚊具备优异的杀幼虫防控潜力。