[Frequency of non Tumor Skin Diseases in Dogs in the City of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil (2014-2016)]

ABSTRACT Faced with the lack of studies on the frequency of dermatopathies that affect dogs by geographical region in Brazil, the present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of dermatopathies that affect the canine species in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data was collected from dogs that underwent dermatological care from September 2014 to December 2016. In addition to the clinical and dermatological examinations, dogs underwent complementary exams, such as cytological, skin scraping, parasitological skin examination, trichogram, bacteriological, mycological, histopathological and/or polymerase chain reaction. During the study period, 1,083 dogs were examined, in which 18.65% (202 /1,083) had some form of non-tumoral dermatopathy. Of the 202 dogs affected, 51.49% (104/202) were males and 48.51% (98/202) females. Of these 202 dogs, thirteen had two diagnoses, totaling 215 dermatopathies. 62.87% (127/202) of the affected dogs were purebred and 37.13% (75/202) were without a defined breed (WDB). The most frequently observed lesions were alopecia, hypotric, macular, erosive and ulcerative, placoid, erythematous areas, as well as comedones, collaretes and seborrhoea. The parasitic dermatopathies were the most frequent (35.35%; 76/215), followed by bacterial dermatopathies (24,19%; 52/215), allergic dermatopathies (20,00%; 43/215), dermatomycosis (17,21%; 37/215), dermatopathies for other causes (2,32%; 5/215) and autoimmune dermatopathies (0.93%; 2/215). Clinical and dermatological examination, including a detailed anamnesis, accurate clinical history and associated complementary exams are important tools for the diagnosis of dermatopathies in dogs. Available literature present some studies with canine dermatopathies frequencies superior to that obtained in the present study; however, the number of animals examined was smaller. In this survey, it was possible to establish the primary and secondary diagnoses in 100.0% of the non-tumoral dermatopathies in dogs, results higher than in previous studies. Probably, the frequency of canine dermatopathies in this region is higher than that observed, thus requiring additional studies with greater sampling.

摘要 鉴于巴西尚无按地理区域划分的犬类皮肤病患病频率相关研究，本研究旨在评估巴西帕拉伊巴州若昂佩索阿都会区犬类皮肤病的患病频率。研究数据采集自2014年9月至2016年12月期间接受皮肤病诊疗的犬只。除临床及皮肤病专科检查外，受试犬只还接受了细胞学检查、皮肤刮片检查、寄生虫皮肤检测、毛发镜检、细菌学检测、真菌学检测、组织病理学检测以及/或聚合酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction，PCR）等辅助检查。研究期间共接诊1083只犬只，其中18.65%（202/1083）患有各类非肿瘤性皮肤病。在202只患病犬只中，雄性占比51.49%（104/202），雌性占比48.51%（98/202）。其中13只犬只确诊两种皮肤病，总计215例皮肤病病例。62.87%（127/202）的患病犬只为纯种犬，37.13%（75/202）为未明确品种犬（WDB）。最常见的病变包括脱毛症、稀毛症、斑疹、糜烂溃疡性皮损、斑块状红斑区，以及粉刺、围领状鳞屑损害和皮脂溢。寄生虫性皮肤病最为常见（35.35%；76/215），其次为细菌性皮肤病（24.19%；52/215）、变应性皮肤病（20.00%；43/215）、皮肤真菌病（17.21%；37/215）、其他病因皮肤病（2.32%；5/215）以及自身免疫性皮肤病（0.93%；2/215）。临床及皮肤病专科检查，结合详细问诊、准确的临床病史记录与相关辅助检查，是犬类皮肤病诊断的重要手段。现有文献中虽有部分犬类皮肤病患病频率研究结果高于本研究，但受试动物数量均少于本研究。本次调研可对所有非肿瘤性犬类皮肤病完成100%的主次诊断，这一结果优于既往研究。本区域犬类皮肤病的实际患病频率可能高于本次观测结果，因此需要开展更大样本量的后续研究。