Table_3_Transcriptome profiling of transcription factors in Ganoderma lucidum in response to methyl jasmonate.XLS

Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicine and its major active ingredients are ganoderma triterpenoids (GTs). To screen for transcription factors (TFs) that involved in the biosynthetic pathway of GTs in G. lucidum, the chemical composition in mycelia, primordium and fruiting body were analyzed, and the transcriptomes of mycelia induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were analyzed. In addition, the expression level data of MeJA-responsive TFs in mycelia, primordia and fruiting body were downloaded from the database, and the correlation analysis was carried out between their expression profiles and the content of total triterpenoids. The results showed that a total of 89 components were identified, and the content of total triterpenoids was the highest in primordium, followed by fruiting body and mycelia. There were 103 differentially expressed TFs that response to MeJA-induction including 95 upregulated and 8 downregulated genes. These TFs were classified into 22 families including C2H2 (15), TFII-related (12), HTH (9), fungal (8), bZIP (6), HMG (5), DADS (2), etc. Correlation analysis showed that the expression level of GL23559 (MADS), GL26472 (HTH), and GL31187 (HMG) showed a positive correlation with the GTs content, respectively. While the expression level of GL25628 (fungal) and GL26980 (PHD) showed a negative correlation with the GTs content, respectively. Furthermore, the over expression of the Glmhr1 gene (GL25628) in Pichia pastoris GS115 indicated that it might be a negative regulator of GT biosynthesis through decreasing the production of lanosterol. This study provided useful information for a better understanding of the regulation of TFs involved in GT biosynthesis and fungal growth in G. lucidum.

灵芝（Ganoderma lucidum）是一种传统中药材，其主要活性成分为灵芝三萜类化合物（ganoderma triterpenoids, GTs）。为筛选参与灵芝三萜类化合物生物合成途径的转录因子（transcription factors, TFs），本研究对灵芝菌丝体、原基与子实体的化学成分进行了分析，并对茉莉酸甲酯（methyl jasmonate, MeJA）诱导的菌丝体转录组开展了测序分析。此外，本研究从数据库中下载了茉莉酸甲酯响应型转录因子在菌丝体、原基与子实体中的表达量数据，并对其表达谱与总三萜含量进行了相关性分析。结果显示，本研究共鉴定出89种化学成分；总三萜含量以原基最高，其次为子实体与菌丝体。经分析，共有103个响应茉莉酸甲酯诱导的差异表达转录因子，其中95个基因上调表达，8个基因下调表达。上述转录因子可分为22个家族，包括C2H2（15个）、TFII相关型（12个）、HTH（9个）、真菌型（8个）、bZIP（6个）、HMG（5个）、DADS（2个）等。相关性分析表明，GL23559（MADS家族）、GL26472（HTH家族）与GL31187（HMG家族）的表达量均与灵芝三萜类化合物含量呈正相关；而GL25628（真菌型家族）与GL26980（PHD家族）的表达量则与灵芝三萜类化合物含量呈负相关。此外，在毕赤酵母（Pichia pastoris）GS115中过表达Glmhr1基因（即GL25628）的实验结果显示，该基因可通过降低羊毛甾醇的生成量，负调控灵芝三萜类化合物的生物合成。本研究为深入理解转录因子在灵芝三萜类化合物生物合成及真菌生长中的调控作用提供了有益参考。