Thermopolymerized Acrylic Resin Immersed or Incorporated with Silver Nanoparticle: Microbiological, Cytotoxic and Mechanical Effect

Abstract Associated with the use of removable prostheses, the development of candidiasis, called prosthetic stomatitis, is frequently observed. In view of the application of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in dentistry that may offer antimicrobial effect, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding AgNP with different concentrations during thermopolymerization or immersion of acrylic in this substance in the properties antifungal, mechanical and cytotoxic. The groups were divided: addition of 1% silver nanoparticle solution (G1), addition of 2.5% silver nanoparticle solution (G2), addition of 5% silver nanoparticle solution (G3), immersed for 10 min in aqueous silver nanoparticle solution (G4), immersed for 24 hours in aqueous silver nanoparticle solution (G5). In the cytotoxicity assay, at all evaluation times, all groups showed cytotoxic effect (p <0.05) when compared to the control group (CG). For the microbiological assay, C. albicans reduction was observed only for G4 and G5 when compared to CG (p <0.05). The lowest resistance values were observed in the group with 5% silver nanoparticle (G3) incorporation (p <0.05). It was concluded that the thermopolymerized acrylic resin immersed in AgNP, G4 and G5 promoted microbiological reduction, cytotoxicity increase and flexural strength decrease at 5% concentration.

伴随可摘义齿使用而发生的念珠菌病（又称义齿性口炎，prosthetic stomatitis）十分常见。鉴于银纳米颗粒（silver nanoparticles, AgNP）凭借抗菌效应在牙科领域的应用潜力，本研究旨在评估：在热聚合过程中添加不同浓度银纳米颗粒，或将丙烯酸树脂浸入该物质后，其抗真菌、机械及细胞毒性性能的变化。实验设置如下分组：添加1%银纳米颗粒溶液组（G1）、添加2.5%银纳米颗粒溶液组（G2）、添加5%银纳米颗粒溶液组（G3）、于银纳米颗粒水溶液中浸泡10分钟组（G4）、于银纳米颗粒水溶液中浸泡24小时组（G5）。细胞毒性检测结果显示，在所有评估时间点，各实验组相较对照组（CG）均表现出显著细胞毒性效应（p<0.05）。微生物学检测结果表明，相较对照组（CG），仅G4与G5组可观察到白色念珠菌（Candida albicans, C. albicans）数量显著降低（p<0.05）。抗弯强度最低值见于添加5%银纳米颗粒的G3组（p<0.05）。本研究最终得出结论：经银纳米颗粒处理的热聚合丙烯酸树脂，其中G4与G5组可实现微生物数量减少，且所有实验组均存在细胞毒性升高与抗弯强度降低的情况，5%浓度组的抗弯强度下降最为显著。