Hearing disorders - findings on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: pictorial essay

Abstract Hearing disorders are usually unilateral and are more common in women. They can be congenital or acquired, and hearing loss is categorized as sensorineural, conductive, or mixed. The onset of hearing loss can be progressive or sudden, and it is a common reason for seeking medical attention. In this context, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have assumed critical roles in the search for an etiological diagnosis and in guiding the therapeutic approach. In this pictorial essay, we illustrate the common causes of hearing loss, discussing the possible differential diagnoses and highlighting the most relevant imaging findings.

【摘要】听力障碍多为单侧性，且女性发病率更高。该类障碍可分为先天性与获得性两类，听力损失可划分为感音神经性听力损失（sensorineural hearing loss）、传导性听力损失（conductive hearing loss）及混合性听力损失（mixed hearing loss）三种类型。听力损失的起病形式可呈渐进性或突发性，亦是患者就医的常见原因之一。在此临床场景中，计算机断层扫描（Computed Tomography）与磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging）在明确病因诊断及指导治疗方案方面发挥了至关重要的作用。在本篇影像图解专题中，我们将展示听力损失的常见病因，探讨相关鉴别诊断要点，并着重介绍最具临床参考价值的影像学表现。