The prevalence of and factors related to alcohol consumption among young people in Thailand: a systematic review of observational studies

<b>Background:</b> The present study aimed to critically review the current evidence for factors associated with alcohol consumption and its prevalence. <b>Method:</b> EBSCOhost (Medline), ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, TCI, and ThaiJO were systematically searched for relevant studies published between January 2000 and December 2018. Studies were included if the prevalence of current alcohol use and/or the factors associated with alcohol consumption among young people 10–24 years-old in Thailand were measured. A modified descriptive study quality appraisal assessment tool was used. The prevalence of alcohol consumption was reported by using the median and interquartile range (IQR). <b>Results:</b> Thirty studies (N = 253,465) were included. The median prevalence rates of alcohol use in the past month were 18.6% (IQR = 13.32) and in the previous year were 19.03% (IQR = 41.25). The factors closely associated with alcohol use among young people were age (15 years of age and older), gender (male), education (attending grade 9 and above), religion (Buddhists). <b>Conclusions:</b> This systematic review provides the prevalence rates and potential circumstances associated with alcohol consumption to guide policy development. More research is needed to gain new insight regarding psychosocial-factors, the role of parental, geographical area, and social media for further studies.

**背景：** 本研究旨在批判性回顾当前与酒精消费相关的影响因素及其流行现状的相关证据。
**方法：** 系统检索EBSCOhost（Medline）、ISI Web of Knowledge、PubMed、Scopus、TCI及ThaiJO数据库，检索时限为2000年1月至2018年12月发表的相关研究。纳入标准为针对泰国10~24岁青少年当前酒精使用流行率及/或酒精消费相关影响因素的研究。本研究采用经改良的描述性研究质量评价工具进行质量评估。酒精消费流行率以中位数及四分位间距（interquartile range, IQR）进行报告。
**结果：** 最终纳入30项研究，总样本量为253465例。过去1个月内酒精使用的中位流行率为18.6%（IQR=13.32），过去1年内酒精使用的中位流行率为19.03%（IQR=41.25）。与青少年酒精使用密切相关的影响因素包括年龄（15岁及以上）、性别（男性）、受教育程度（九年级及以上）、宗教信仰（佛教徒）。
**结论：** 本系统综述明确了酒精消费的流行率及相关潜在影响因素，可为政策制定提供参考。未来仍需开展更多研究，以深入探索社会心理因素、父母角色、地理区域及社交媒体在青少年酒精消费中的作用。