Sustainability in bicycle sharing systems: evidences of travel mode choice changings in Rio de Janeiro

Abstract Paper aims This study aims to analyze the travel behaviors changings and the emissions reduction of CO2, CO, NOx and Particulate Matter (PM) promoted by the bicycle sharing system in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Originality The bicycle sharing systems have been experiencing rapid development in recent years, however, few empirical studies explore comprehensively the externalities of bicycle sharing, seeking to quantify the impacts of this travel system type on urban transport. Research method The research method used a modal distribution model calibrated with stated preference interviews and travel data provided by Tembici company. Main findings Results indicated a reduction in 2018 CO2 emissions compared to the existing system in 2014, not only because of the increase in the bicycle sharing system offer, but also due to a higher transfer rates from motorized transport to bicycle, particularly those originated from public transport and Transportation Network Company (TNC) services. Implications for theory and practice Results reveal the bicycle sharing in the city of Rio de Janeiro should be understood as a part of a process of adopting multimodality, with effective reductions achieved by the incentive to change passenger’s travel behavior.

【研究摘要】
研究目的：本研究旨在分析巴西里约热内卢市共享单车系统所推动的出行行为变化，以及二氧化碳（CO₂）、一氧化碳（CO）、氮氧化物（NOₓ）与颗粒物（Particulate Matter, PM）的减排效果。
创新之处：近年来共享单车系统发展迅猛，但目前鲜有实证研究全面探讨共享单车的外部性，量化此类出行系统对城市交通的影响。
研究方法：本研究采用经陈述偏好调查校准的交通方式分担模型，结合Tembici公司提供的出行数据开展分析。
主要研究结果：结果显示，相较于2014年的既有交通系统，2018年的二氧化碳排放量有所降低；这一变化不仅源于共享单车系统供给规模的扩大，还得益于更高的机动化交通向共享单车的转换率，尤其是原本依赖公共交通及交通网络公司（Transportation Network Company, TNC）服务的群体。
理论与实践启示：研究结果表明，里约热内卢市的共享单车应被视作构建多模式交通体系的组成部分，通过激励出行者转变出行行为可实现显著的减排效果。