Table_2_COVID-19 Pandemic Worry and Vaccination Intention: The Mediating Role of the Health Belief Model Components.DOCX

Given the negative consequences of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on public health, his study aimed at investigating: (1) the differences between adults with and without chronic illness in buying behavior, vaccination intention, pandemic worry, and the health belief model (HBM) components; (2) the HBM components as mediators of the relationship between pandemic worry and vaccination intention. The sample consisted of 864 adults (66.6% females, Mage = 47.61, SD = 9.23), of which 20.5% reported having a chronic illness. Associations between pandemic worry, vaccination intention, and HBM were ascertained using correlation and mediation analyses. Individuals with chronic illness reported a higher level of pandemic worry, higher levels of perceived threat, greater benefits from vaccination, had lower self-efficacy and bought more medicine and sanitary/hygienic products. No significant differences were observed regarding vaccination intention, barriers against vaccination, and changes in food buying behavior. We found that the relationship between pandemic worry and vaccination intention was partially mediated by the perceived threat of disease and the benefits of vaccination. Pandemic worry predicted vaccination intention directly but also through the contribution of the perceived threat of disease and the benefits of vaccination. These findings suggest that presenting evidence of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and the benefits of having the vaccine (especially for vulnerable groups, such as chronic illness patients) will encourage the population to follow vaccination recommendations.

鉴于持续的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行对公共卫生造成的负面影响，本研究旨在探究两大核心主题：其一，患慢性病与未患慢性病的成年群体在购买行为、疫苗接种意向、大流行焦虑及健康信念模型（Health Belief Model, HBM）各维度上的差异；其二，健康信念模型各维度在大流行焦虑与疫苗接种意向之间的中介作用。本研究共纳入864名成年参与者（女性占比66.6%，平均年龄Mage=47.61，标准差SD=9.23），其中20.5%的参与者自述患有慢性病。研究通过相关分析与中介分析，明确了大流行焦虑、疫苗接种意向与健康信念模型各维度间的关联。结果显示，慢性病患者的大流行焦虑程度更高、疾病感知威胁更强、疫苗接种收益感知更显著，但自我效能感更低，且会购买更多药品与卫生消杀产品。而在疫苗接种意向、疫苗接种障碍与食品购买行为变化方面，两组参与者未呈现显著差异。本研究发现，大流行焦虑与疫苗接种意向之间的关联可通过疾病感知威胁与疫苗接种收益感知实现部分中介效应：大流行焦虑既可以直接预测疫苗接种意向，也可通过疾病感知威胁与疫苗接种收益感知的中介路径发挥作用。综上，披露新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗有效性相关证据及接种疫苗的收益（尤其针对慢性病患者等脆弱群体），将有助于提升公众对疫苗接种建议的依从性。