School feeding in Covid-19 times: mapping of public policy execution strategies by state administration

Abstract Objective Identify and discuss strategies for execution the National School Feeding Program by state administrations during the coronavirus disease pandemic 2019. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional investigation. An exploratory review of the official publication of state governments and the Federal District to find out the strategies for the execution of the National School Feeding Program, after school closures due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Information on the form of execution and the public served by the action were reviewed in a descriptive manner. Results Out of the 27 federative units, 55% distributed food kits, 26% supplied food cards/vouchers and 19% provided food kits and food cards/vouchers. As to the scope, 37% maintained general service, 30% attended schoolchildren from families registered in the Brazilian cash transfer program (Bolsa Família) and 26% attended schoolchildren from families registered in the Underprivileged Families Registry. Conclusion The National School Feeding Program was weak in terms of assuring the Human Right to Adequate Food and Food and Nutrition Security. The slowness of the federal administration and the gaps in the regulations issued may explain the changes in the reported strategies, which, in their majority, violate the principle of universality.

摘要
研究目的：识别并探讨2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情期间，各州行政部门执行全国学校供餐计划（National School Feeding Program）的相关策略。
研究方法：本研究为描述性横断面调查。通过对各州政府及联邦特区的官方出版物开展探索性综述，以明确新冠疫情导致学校停课期间，全国学校供餐计划的执行策略。本研究以描述性方式梳理了该行动的执行形式与服务覆盖对象的相关信息。
研究结果：在27个联邦一级行政单位中，55%的单位发放了食品包，26%提供了食品卡/券，19%同时发放食品包与食品卡/券。就服务范围而言，37%维持常规全覆盖服务，30%仅服务于登记参与巴西现金转移支付项目（Bolsa Família）的家庭学龄儿童，26%服务于登记于弱势家庭登记系统的学龄儿童。
研究结论：全国学校供餐计划在保障适足食物权与食物与营养安全方面存在明显不足。联邦行政部门的办事拖沓以及所发布法规存在的漏洞，可解释本次报告中各类执行策略的变动——此类策略大多违背了普遍性原则。