Replication Data for: Liquid Thermo-Responsive Smart Window Derived from Hydrogel

Buildings account for 40% of global energy consumption, while windows are the least energy-efficient part of buildings. Conventional smart windows only regulate solar transmission. For the first time, we developed high thermal energy storage thermoresponsive smart window (HTEST smart window) by trapping the hydrogel-derived liquid within glasses. The excellent thermoresponsive optical property (90% of luminous transmittance and 68.1% solar modulation) together with outstanding specific heat capacity of liquid gives the HTEST smart window excellent energy conservation performance. Simulations suggested that HTEST window can cut off 44.6% heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) energy consumption compared with the normal glass in Singapore. In outdoor demonstrations, the HTEST smart window showed promising energy-saving performance in summer daytime. Compared with conventional energy-saving glasses, which need expensive equipment, the thermo-responsive liquidtrapped structure offers a disruptive strategy of easy fabrication, good uniformity, and scalability, together with soundproof functionality that opens an avenue for energy-saving buildings and greenhouses.

建筑物占全球能源消耗的40%，而窗户是建筑物中能效最低的部分。传统智能窗仅能调节太阳透射。我们首次通过将水凝胶衍生液体封装在玻璃内，开发出高热能存储热响应智能窗（HTEST智能窗）。其优异的热响应光学性能（透光率达90%、太阳调制率为68.1%），结合液体出色的比热容，使HTEST智能窗具备卓越的节能性能。模拟结果显示，在新加坡，HTEST窗与普通玻璃相比可降低44.6%的供暖、通风和空调（HVAC）能耗。户外演示表明，HTEST智能窗在夏季白天展现出良好的节能表现。与需使用昂贵设备的传统节能玻璃相比，这种热响应液体封装结构提供了一种易于制造、均匀性佳且可规模化的颠覆性策略，同时具备隔音功能，为节能建筑和温室开辟了新路径。