Table_13_Association Between Dietary Protein Intake and Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Singapore.docx

Poor sleep has been associated with the increased risk of developing detrimental health conditions. Diet and certain nutrients, such as dietary protein (PRO) may improve sleep. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between PRO intake, their amino acid components, and sources with sleep quality in middle-aged and older adults residing in Singapore. A dataset of 104 healthy subjects between the age of 50 and 75 years old were used. Collected data included 3-day food record and sleep quality [sleep duration, global sleep score (GSS), sleep latency (SL), and sleep efficiency (SE)]. The collected 3-day food records were extracted for PRO, tryptophan (Trp), and large neutral amino acid (LNAA) intake. PRO intake was further categorized into plant and animal PRO. A multivariate multiple linear regression (MLR) was performed to assess the association between PRO intake and sleep quality. Dietary Trp:LNAA ratio was positively associated with sleep duration (βtotal: 108.234 h; p: 0.005) after multiple covariates adjustment. Similarly, plant Trp (βplant: 2.653 h/g; p: 0.020) and plant Trp:LNAA (βplant: 54.006 h; p: 0.008) was positively associated with sleep duration. No significant associations were observed for both SL and SE. Sleep duration in middle-aged and older Singaporean adults was positively associated with dietary Trp and Trp:LNAA, especially when obtained from plant sources.

睡眠不佳与罹患不良健康状况的风险升高密切相关。饮食与特定营养素——例如膳食蛋白质（dietary protein, PRO）——或可改善睡眠质量。本项横断面研究旨在探究新加坡常住中老年人群的蛋白质摄入量、其氨基酸组成及来源与睡眠质量之间的关联。本研究共纳入104名年龄介于50至75岁的健康受试者。收集的数据包括3天饮食记录与睡眠质量指标：睡眠时长、整体睡眠评分（global sleep score, GSS）、睡眠潜伏期（sleep latency, SL）及睡眠效率（sleep efficiency, SE）。从收集的3天饮食记录中提取蛋白质、色氨酸（tryptophan, Trp）及大中性氨基酸（large neutral amino acid, LNAA）的摄入量，并将蛋白质摄入量进一步划分为植物源与动物源蛋白质两类。采用多元多重线性回归（multivariate multiple linear regression, MLR）分析蛋白质摄入量与睡眠质量之间的关联。经多协变量调整后，膳食色氨酸与大中性氨基酸比值（Trp:LNAA）与睡眠时长呈正相关（β总值：108.234 h；p值：0.005）。类似地，植物源色氨酸（β植物源值：2.653 h/g；p值：0.020）及植物源色氨酸与大中性氨基酸比值（β植物源值：54.006 h；p值：0.008）同样与睡眠时长呈正相关。未观察到睡眠潜伏期与睡眠效率存在显著关联。综上，新加坡中老年人群的睡眠时长与膳食色氨酸及色氨酸与大中性氨基酸比值呈正相关，且该关联在色氨酸来源于植物源时尤为显著。