Association of the conicity index with diabetes and hypertension in Brazilian women

ABSTRACT Objective The goal of this study was evaluate the conicity index (C index) in women and its association with hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and methods This was a cross-sectional study, with 573 women between 20 and 59 years of age. After analysis of clinical and demographic characteristics, anthropometric variables were measured and used to calculate the C index. Plasma glucose and lipid profile were evaluated by standard methods. The analysis of the results was based on logistic regression and the odds ratio (OR) was calculated, which was used to assess the association of the variable outcome with the variable exposure using two logistic regression models that tested the possible influence of the C index in the chance of developing SAH or DM. A confidence interval of 95% was used. Results In the crude and adjusted models, the OR confirmed the association of the C index with DM and SAH. Compared with women that showed C index p < 75, the risk of women with C index (p ≥ 75) developing DM and SAH was 1.72 and 1.75, respectively. Results demonstrated that the negative impact of age on these associations significantly raised the odds of women having DM and SAH. The high C index was also linked to low HDL-C. Conclusion The C index is an important tool in estimating the risk of diabetes and hypertension in women. Besides, high C indexes are negatively associated with HDL-C, an important lipid marker related to cardiovascular risk.

摘要

目的：本研究旨在评估女性人群的圆锥指数（C index），并分析其与系统性动脉高血压（systemic arterial hypertension, SAH）及糖尿病（diabetes mellitus, DM）的关联。

对象与方法：本研究为横断面研究，共纳入573名年龄介于20~59岁的女性。在收集临床与人口统计学特征资料后，研究人员测量了人体测量学变量，并基于这些变量计算圆锥指数。采用标准化方法检测血浆葡萄糖水平与血脂谱。结果分析采用逻辑回归（logistic regression）方法，计算比值比（odds ratio, OR）；通过构建两种逻辑回归模型，分别检验圆锥指数对女性发生SAH或DM的风险的潜在影响，以此分析结局变量与暴露变量间的关联，置信区间设置为95%。

结果：在粗模型与校正模型中，比值比均证实圆锥指数与DM及SAH存在统计学关联。与圆锥指数低于第75百分位数的女性相比，圆锥指数高于或等于第75百分位数的女性发生DM与SAH的风险分别为1.72倍与1.75倍。结果显示，年龄对上述关联的负面影响显著升高了女性罹患DM与SAH的风险。高圆锥指数同时与低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平相关。

结论：圆锥指数是评估女性糖尿病与高血压风险的重要工具。此外，高圆锥指数与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈负相关，而后者是与心血管风险相关的重要血脂标志物。