Contribution of Ultra-processed Food to the Daily Food Intake of HIV-positive and HIV-Negative Women during Pregnancy

Abstract Objective To assess the daily dietary intake and energy contribution of ultraprocessed foods among women who are positive and negative for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during pregnancy. Methods This case-control study included 77 HIV-positive and 79 HIV-negative puerperal women between 2015 and 2016. The socioeconomic and maternal demographic data were assessed, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) adapted for pregnant women was applied. The Fisher exact test and the Mann-Whitney test were applied to detect differences between the groups. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between the intake of ultra-processed food and energy, macro- and micronutrients, with values of p

摘要 研究目的：评估孕期人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性与阴性妇女的每日膳食摄入情况，以及超加工食品（ultraprocessed foods）的能量供占比。方法：本研究为病例对照研究，纳入2015至2016年间的77名HIV阳性产褥期妇女与79名HIV阴性产褥期妇女。收集研究对象的社会经济状况及产妇人口学资料，采用针对孕妇适配修订的食物频率问卷（FFQ）开展调查。分别使用费希尔精确检验与曼-惠特尼U检验检测两组间的差异，采用线性回归分析超加工食品摄入与能量、宏量营养素及微量营养素摄入之间的关联，检验水准为p值