Cervical Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report of a Rare Gynecological Tumor from Embryological Remains of the Female Genital Tract

Abstract Introduction Malignant mesonephric tumors are uncommon in the female genital tract, and they are usually located where embryonic remnants of Wolffian ducts are detected, such as the uterine cervix. The information about these tumors, their treatment protocol, and prognosis are scarce. Case report A 60-year-old woman with postmenopausal vaginal bleeding was initially diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma. After suspicion co-testing, the patient underwent a loop electrosurgical excision of the cervix and was eventually diagnosed with mesonephric adenocarcinoma. She was subjected to a radical hysterectomy, which revealed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) IB1 stage, and adjuvant radiotherapy. The follow-up showed no evidence of recurrence after 60 months. Conclusion We present the case of a woman with cervical mesonephric adenocarcinoma. When compared with the literature, this case had the longest clinical follow-up without evidence of recurrence, which reinforces the concept that these tumors are associated with a favorable prognosis if managed according to the guidelines defined for the treatment of patients with cervical adenocarcinomas. Though a rare entity, it should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis for other cervical cancers.

摘要
引言
恶性中肾肿瘤（Malignant mesonephric tumors）在女性生殖道中较为罕见，多发生于存在午非管（Wolffian ducts）胚胎残留的部位，如子宫颈。目前关于此类肿瘤的相关资料、治疗方案及预后情况均较为匮乏。
病例报告
患者为一名60岁绝经后女性，因绝经后阴道出血就诊，初始诊断为子宫内膜癌。经联合复核检测后，患者接受了宫颈环状电切术，最终确诊为中肾腺癌。随后行根治性子宫切除术，术后病理分期为国际妇产科联盟（International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, FIGO）IB1期，并辅以术后放疗。随访60个月，未发现肿瘤复发迹象。
结论
我们报告1例宫颈中肾腺癌病例。与现有文献报道相比，该病例的无复发生存随访时间最长，这进一步佐证了如下观点：若按照宫颈腺癌的治疗指南进行规范管理，此类肿瘤预后良好。尽管该疾病属于罕见病种，但在鉴别其他宫颈癌时，应将其纳入鉴别诊断范畴。