Data sheet.

Cinnamomum camphora L. is highly significant landscape tree known for its medicinal values and presence of secondary metabolites that have antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory effects and widely utilized in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Callus cultures of C. camphora have better antioxidant activity than extracts of naturally grown tree leaves. While there is significant lack of research about the potential of its in vitro callus cultures as a controlled and sustainable biotechnological alternative for mass production of bioactive compounds. The present work was aimed at comparative analysis of phytochemicals (phenolic and flavonoid) and antioxidant activities of calli and leaf extract of field grown camphor plant. To get in vitro germplasm, callus formation and direct shoot initiation was carried out and it was observed that MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) + 0.5 mg L-1 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) proved best for shoot initiation from nodal explant. MS medium fortified with various plant growth regulators was used for callus formation and best callus induction response (100%) from nodal and leaf explants was observed on 0.5 mg L-1 2, 4-D) + 2.0 mg L-1 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). Callus was successfully sub-cultured and this in vitro proliferated calli and fresh leaf extract of field grown plant were used for comparative study of phytochemicals. Results revealed that callus culture exhibited highest antioxidant enzyme activities compared to leaf extract and hence there was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) difference. Similarly, peroxidase (31.12 UmL-1 of enzyme), superoxide dismutase (35.24 Umg-1 of protein), and catalase (58.6 UmL-1 of enzyme) also showing highest vales. In contrast, glutathione peroxidase activity (0.552 Umg-1) was comparatively higher in leaf extract. Additionally, callus cultures accumulated higher phenolic contents (1.106 mg GAE g-1 of FW) while flavonoid contents (7.87 mg CatE g-1 of FW) were higher in leaf extract. This investigation showed that in vitro conditions and the use of plant growth regulators in various combinations might be work as elicitors to enhance the phytochemicals and antioxidant enzymes in callus culture as compared to the leaf extract.

樟（Cinnamomum camphora L.）是兼具极高药用价值的重要景观树种，其体内含有的次生代谢物具备抗氧化、抗菌、抗癌、抗炎等多种活性，被广泛应用于制药与化妆品工业。相较于自然生长樟树的叶片提取物，樟愈伤组织培养物展现出更优异的抗氧化活性。然而，目前关于其体外愈伤组织作为可控、可持续的生物技术方案，用于大规模生产生物活性化合物的研究仍存在显著缺口。本研究旨在比较分析樟愈伤组织与田间种植植株叶片提取物中的植物化学物质（酚类与黄酮类）及抗氧化活性。为获得离体种质资源，本实验开展了愈伤组织诱导与直接成苗工作，结果显示：添加0.1 mg·L⁻¹噻苯隆（thidiazuron, TDZ）+ 0.5 mg·L⁻¹ 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）的MS培养基，最适宜从茎段外植体诱导直接成苗。同时，本研究使用添加多种植物生长调节剂的MS培养基开展愈伤组织诱导，结果表明：在添加0.5 mg·L⁻¹ 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）+ 2.0 mg·L⁻¹ 6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（BAP）的培养基上，茎段与叶片外植体的愈伤组织诱导率均达到100%，为最优诱导组合。将成功继代培养的体外增殖愈伤组织，与田间种植植株的新鲜叶片提取物一同开展植物化学物质的比较研究。结果显示：愈伤组织培养物的抗氧化酶活性显著高于叶片提取物，该差异具有统计学意义（P ≤ 0.05）。其中，过氧化物酶（酶活达31.12 U·mL⁻¹）、超氧化物歧化酶（酶活达35.24 U·mg⁻¹蛋白）与过氧化氢酶（酶活达58.6 U·mL⁻¹）的活性在愈伤组织中均达到最高水平；而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（0.552 U·mg⁻¹）则在叶片提取物中相对更高。此外，愈伤组织培养物积累的酚类物质含量更高（达1.106 mg没食子酸当量·g⁻¹鲜重），而叶片提取物中的黄酮类物质含量更高（达7.87 mg儿茶素当量·g⁻¹鲜重）。本研究表明，与叶片提取物相比，离体培养条件及不同组合的植物生长调节剂可作为诱导子，提升愈伤组织培养物中的植物化学物质与抗氧化酶含量。