Data Sheet 1_25 years of providing evidence on road safety interventions at the city level.docx

Road traffic injuries are a significant public health concern, ranking among the leading causes of mortality and disability-adjusted life years lost globally, especially among the young population. Traditionally, road safety has been approached predominantly from a healthcare standpoint, with limited interventions from a comprehensive public health perspective. In Barcelona, the Agència de Salut Pública (Public Health Agency) has been monitoring road traffic injuries and evaluating road safety interventions since the late 1990s. This paper explores how Barcelona has addressed road safety over more than two decades through a public health lens, emphasizing the evaluation of intervention effectiveness, highlighting key success factors, and addressing the challenges encountered. First, we describe the road traffic surveillance system, providing insights into the context of mobility and road safety interventions in the city since the late 1990s. Since then, 10 interventions have been evaluated, encompassing legislation policies (helmet law, motorcycle driving license, and the penalty points system) and infrastructure measures (speed radars, advanced stop lines for motorcycles, safe routes to school, 30 km/h zone, and red-light cameras), as well as a cost–benefit study of speed radars. Next, the paper quantifies the overall impact of road safety interventions by estimating the difference between the observed number of road traffic injuries and the expected number if no interventions had been implemented from January 2008 to December 2023, stratified by gender, injury severity, and mode of transport. Since 2008, injuries were prevented in more than 34,800 individuals, including approximately 1,000 severe injuries. Mode-specific analysis revealed that more than 4,700 pedestrians, 12,300 car users, and 3,200 moped users benefited from injury prevention measures, while the number of injuries among motorcyclists was 5,200 higher than expected. This article discusses key success factors, the pivotal role of public health in road safety, and outlines future challenges, providing valuable insights for cities aiming to adopt a comprehensive public health approach to address road safety concerns.

道路交通伤害（road traffic injuries）是一项重大的公共卫生关切议题，位列全球范围内导致死亡与伤残调整生命年损失的主要诱因之列，在青年人群中尤为突出。长期以来，道路安全的研究与干预主要从医疗卫生视角展开，基于全面公共卫生视角的干预措施相对匮乏。在巴塞罗那，公共卫生署（Agència de Salut Pública, Public Health Agency）自20世纪90年代末起便持续监测道路交通伤害情况，并评估道路安全干预措施。本文旨在探讨巴塞罗那二十余年来如何以公共卫生视角推进道路安全工作，重点强调干预措施的效果评估，梳理关键成功要素，并剖析所遭遇的挑战。首先，本文对道路交通监测系统进行介绍，梳理自20世纪90年代末以来该市的出行环境与道路安全干预措施背景。自彼时起，研究团队共评估了10项干预措施，涵盖立法政策（头盔法案、摩托车驾驶执照制度与扣分罚则体系）以及基础设施举措（测速雷达、摩托车专用超前停车线、校园安全通行路线、30公里/小时限速区与闯红灯自动抓拍设备），同时包含一项针对测速雷达的成本效益分析。随后，本文通过估算2008年1月至2023年12月期间，实际发生的道路交通伤害数与未实施任何干预措施情况下的预期伤害数之间的差值，量化道路安全干预措施的整体影响，并按性别、伤害严重程度与交通方式进行分层分析。自2008年以来，累计避免超过34800人发生道路伤害，其中约1000例为重度伤害。分交通方式的分析显示，超过4700名行人、12300名汽车驾乘人员以及3200名轻便摩托车使用者从伤害预防措施中获益，而摩托车驾驶者的伤害数则较预期高出5200例。本文讨论了关键成功要素、公共卫生在道路安全领域的核心作用，并梳理了未来面临的挑战，为旨在采用全面公共卫生路径应对道路安全问题的城市提供了宝贵参考。