AstroSmartphoneDataset: a collection of astronomical images captured with smartphones

AstroSmartphoneDataset, is a collection of astronomical images captured with smartphones with Google Camera (GCam), a Google mobile application allowing to take long-exposure astronomical images with a large field of view. GCam’s astrophotography mode captures and produces long-exposure frames to reduce noise, enhance details, improve dynamic range, while preserving non-astronomical elements like buildings and landscapes, ensuring a natural look.

Data have been collected between 2021 and 2025 from different locations and with 4 smartphones having different sensors and capabilities: Google Pixel 4a, Google Pixel 6, Google Pixel 8Pro, Google Pixel 8a. Data acquisition took place over a long period and required the use of often ingenious techniques to orientate and stabilise the phones during capture. Images were taken under different weather conditions (clear sky, foggy sky, almost overcast sky), in order to obtain an heterogeneous set.

AstroSmartphoneDataset contains 4635 medium-res and 197 high-res RGB images in JPEG format (minimal compression), and each RGB image has a minimal resolution of 1440× 1920 pixels: they were obtained after registration, stacking and post processing of one-second shots, giving final images corresponding to a cumulative exposure time of 4 minutes.

For more details about the dataset, please contact the author: [e-mail] .

For more information about Luxembourg of Science and Technology (LIST), please consult: https://www.list.lu .

Astro智能手机天文数据集（AstroSmartphoneDataset）是一组由搭载谷歌相机（Google Camera，GCam）的智能手机拍摄的天文图像集合。谷歌相机是一款谷歌移动应用，支持拍摄大视场长曝光天文图像，其天文摄影模式可捕获并生成长曝光帧，以降低噪声、增强细节、提升动态范围，同时保留建筑、地貌等非天文元素，确保画面呈现自然效果。

数据集采集于2021年至2025年间，采集地点覆盖多元场景，涉及4款搭载不同传感器与性能规格的智能手机：谷歌Pixel 4a（Google Pixel 4a）、谷歌Pixel 6（Google Pixel 6）、谷歌Pixel 8Pro（Google Pixel 8Pro）、谷歌Pixel 8a（Google Pixel 8a）。本次数据采集周期较长，且需要采用诸多巧妙的定位与稳定技术，以保障拍摄过程中手机的姿态稳定。拍摄场景涵盖多种天气条件（晴朗天空、薄雾天空、接近阴天的天空），以构建具备异质性的数据集。

Astro智能手机天文数据集包含4635张中等分辨率与197张高分辨率JPEG格式RGB图像（采用最低压缩率），单张RGB图像的最小分辨率为1440×1920像素。这些图像通过对1秒曝光的单帧进行配准、叠加与后期处理得到，最终图像的累计曝光时长为4分钟。

如需了解该数据集的更多细节，请联系作者：[e-mail]。如需了解卢森堡科学与技术研究院（Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology，LIST）的更多信息，请访问：https://www.list.lu。