Physical attributes and yield of wheat seeds originated from plants under temporary flooding of the soil

ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate whether there is any influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The experimental design was completely random blocks, in an 11x2 factorial scheme (eleven varieties and two soil water conditions), with four replications. Stress was imposed in the stage prior to plant anthesis. The assessments were made in two seasons (2016/2017) in relation to the number of spikelets in the main ear, number of seeds in the main ear, mass of seeds in the main ear, number of seeds in the tiller ear, mass of seeds in the tiller ear and yield in the useful area. The physical attributes number of seeds, seed mass and wheat seed yield, according to variety and agricultural year, are negatively affected by the temporary flooding (12 days) of the soil. There is influence of temporary soil flooding on the agronomic performance and yield of wheat varieties. The varieties TBio Toruk, TBio Sinuelo, TBio Sintonia, and CD151 are superior in soil flooding condition for the number of spikelets, number of seeds end for the seed mass attribute. In the soil at field capacity, the seeds produced have higher yield compared to those produced under flooding period, reaching about 309.2 Kg more for the variety TBio Sinuelo, 262 Kg for TBio Toruk and 114 Kg in CD1303.

摘要：本研究旨在探究土壤短期淹涝对小麦品种农艺表现与产量的影响。试验采用完全随机区组设计，设置11×2因子试验方案（11个小麦品种与2种土壤水分条件），共4次重复。涝胁迫施加于小麦植株扬花期前的生长阶段。试验于2016/2017年度的两个生长季开展测定，测定指标包括主穗小穗数、主穗实粒数、主穗粒重、分蘖穗实粒数、分蘖穗粒重以及有效区产量。

研究结果表明，土壤短期淹涝（时长12天）会对不同品种与种植年份下的小麦实粒数、粒重及籽粒产量等物理性状产生负面影响。本研究证实，土壤短期淹涝确实会对小麦品种的农艺表现与产量产生显著影响。其中，TBio Toruk、TBio Sinuelo、TBio Sintonia以及CD151这几个品种在土壤淹涝条件下的小穗数、实粒数与粒重性状表现更优。在土壤处于田间持水量的正常水分条件下，各品种的籽粒产量均显著高于淹涝处理组；其中TBio Sinuelo品种的产量较淹涝组高出约309.2千克，TBio Toruk高出约262千克，CD1303高出约114千克。