Global Management Accounting Principles: Relationship between Management Practices and the Performance of Brazilian Companies

Abstract Purpose: Economic changes related to organizational structures and new business models require a new positioning of management accounting. The Global Management Accounting Principles (GMAP), as a guide to good practice, play the role of assisting organizations in creating better frameworks to support their decisions. The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between the GMAP and the performance of Brazilian companies, from both an operational and an economic perspective. Design/methodology/approach: The final sample comprised 342 companies listed on the B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão) exchange, from 2010 to 2016. The methodology used to answer the research problem consisted of constructing an index of compliance with the recommendations proposed by the GMAP and observing the impacts of good management accounting practices on organizational performance, which was estimated according to operational and economic aspects. Findings: It was observed that the adopted management practices positively affect market performance and future growth expectations. This is already presumed by the CGMA proposal and the management literature, since management practices are routines incorporated into the organizational identity of companies and are reflected in better long-term results. Research Practical & Social implications: Considering the results obtained, the study contributes to the proposal presented by the CGMA, by reinforcing the role that management accounting plays in companies’ decision making, and how it is a relevant element for the future performance of organizations. In addition, it contributes to the market by presenting a structure focused specifically on controlling and management decisions, to assist in choosing tools that have a positive impact on results.

摘要 研究目的：与组织结构及新型商业模式相关的经济变革，亟需推动管理会计实现全新定位。全球管理会计原则（Global Management Accounting Principles, GMAP）作为优良实践指南，可协助各类组织搭建更完善的框架以支撑决策制定。本研究旨在从运营与经济双重视角，分析全球管理会计原则与巴西企业绩效之间的关联关系。

研究设计与方法：本研究最终纳入2010年至2016年巴西B3证券交易所（B3, Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão）的342家上市公司作为研究样本。为解答本研究的核心问题，研究团队构建了衡量企业遵循全球管理会计原则建议程度的合规性指数，并基于运营与经济维度对企业绩效进行量化评估，以此考察优良管理会计实践对组织绩效的影响效应。

研究结果：观测结果表明，企业所采用的管理实践对市场绩效与未来增长预期具有显著正向影响。这一结论与特许全球管理会计师（Chartered Global Management Accountant, CGMA）提案及管理会计领域的既有文献预设相符——管理实践作为融入企业组织身份的常规运营流程，可转化为更优异的长期经营成果。

研究实践与社会意义：基于本次研究所得结果，本研究可为CGMA提出的相关提案提供实证支撑，进一步强化管理会计在企业决策中的核心作用，并明确其作为影响组织未来绩效的关键要素的地位。此外，本研究还为市场提供了一套专门聚焦于管控与管理决策的分析框架，助力企业选择可对经营成果产生正向影响的管理工具。