Supplementary Material for: Effects of Selenium in the Microcirculation of Fructose-Fed Hamsters

<b><i>Background and Aims:</i></b> Fructose intake is directly related to vascular dysfunction and it is a risk factor for the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Selenium, a component of antioxidant enzymes, improves hyperglycemia and vascular function in diabetic animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary selenium supplementation on microcirculatory and metabolic parameters of fructose-fed hamsters. <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> Male hamsters (<i>Mesocricetus auratus</i>) had their drinking water substituted or not by 10% fructose solution for 60 days, during which their microcirculatory function was evaluated in the cheek pouch preparation. Blood glucose and serum insulin levels were also tested. Microcirculatory responses to acetylcholine (an endothelium-dependent vasodilator) and to sodium nitroprusside (SNP, an endothelium-independent vasodilator), and macromolecular permeability increase induced by a 30-min ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) procedure, showed that endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilatation was significantly increased in animals that had high selenium supplementation, in both the control and fructose-fed groups. Selenium supplementation protected against plasma leakage induced by I/R in all control and fructose-fed groups. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results indicate that dietary selenium supplementation reduces microvascular dysfunction by increasing endothelial-dependent and independent dilatation and reducing macromolecular permeability increase in fructose-fed animals.

**<i>背景与目的：</i>** 果糖摄入与血管功能障碍直接相关，且是肥胖、糖尿病、高血压等代谢性与心血管疾病发生的危险因素。硒（Selenium）作为抗氧化酶的组成成分，可改善糖尿病动物的高血糖症与血管功能。本研究旨在评估膳食补硒对果糖喂养仓鼠的微循环与代谢参数的影响。
**<i>方法与结果：</i>** 将雄性金黄仓鼠（*Mesocricetus auratus*）分为两组，一组饮用水替换为10%果糖溶液，另一组维持正常饮水，持续干预60天；实验期间通过颊囊制备模型评估其微循环功能，并同步检测血糖与血清胰岛素水平。本研究检测了动物对乙酰胆碱（acetylcholine，内皮依赖性血管舒张剂）、硝普钠（sodium nitroprusside，SNP，内皮非依赖性血管舒张剂）的微循环反应，以及30分钟缺血/再灌注（I/R）操作诱导的大分子通透性升高情况。结果显示：无论是对照组还是果糖喂养组，高剂量补硒组动物的内皮依赖性与非依赖性血管舒张均显著升高；且硒补充可保护所有对照组与果糖喂养组动物免受I/R诱导的血浆渗漏。
**<i>结论：</i>** 本研究结果表明，膳食补硒可通过增强内皮依赖性与非依赖性血管舒张，并降低果糖喂养动物的大分子通透性升高，从而改善微血管功能障碍。