Yield and quality of carrot cultivars related to the harvest time

ABSTRACT The knowledge about harvest time in carrots is important to determine the moment when the farmer will be able to obtain higher yield and quality of roots. Thus, this work aimed to verify the moment of harvest, aiming to maximize yield and the quality of roots. From November 2018 to March 2019, three cultivars, Brasília, BRS Planalto and HX4098 were evaluated in Brasília-DF in DBC design with three replications, in a split plot scheme, in which the treatments of the subplots were the harvest times at 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 days after sowing (DAS). The experiment was installed on November 20, 2018, in 1 m2 useful area seedbeds. Sowing was done manually, in transverse grooves, with double spacing rows 10 x 20 cm, and 5 cm spacing between plants. Cultural treatments were those adopted for the carrot culture for the Brazilian Cerrado biome. At harvest, the total mass, non-commercial and commercial roots, number of roots of each class, average diameter and length of commercial roots and °Brix were evaluated. The best harvest time to obtain maximum yield is close to 110 DAS, with a small reduction in °Brix after 90 DAS.

摘要 胡萝卜收获期相关知识，对确定农户获取更高块根产量与品质的最佳时机至关重要。本研究旨在验证最优收获期，以最大化块根产量与品质。本试验于2018年11月至2019年3月在巴西利亚联邦区（Brasília-DF）开展，采用DBC设计并设置3次重复，裂区处理方案下供试品种为巴西利亚（Brasília）、BRS Planalto与HX4098，裂区处理为播种后80、90、100、110及120天的收获期（播种后天数，days after sowing, DAS）。试验于2018年11月20日布置，试验苗床有效面积为1 m²。播种采用人工开横向沟的方式，双行播种配置为行距10×20 cm、株距5 cm。栽培管理措施遵循巴西塞拉多生物群系的胡萝卜栽培标准。收获时测定的指标包括总根质量、非商品根与商品根质量、各等级根的数量、商品根的平均直径与长度，以及白利糖度（°Brix）。研究结果表明，实现最高产量的最佳收获期约为播种后110天，播种后90天（DAS）后白利糖度仅出现小幅下降。