Table 1_Homocysteine and thyroid diseases.docx

Homocysteine (Hcy) is an important intermediate product in methionine metabolism which plays a key role in the methylation of DNA, RNA and proteins. High level of Hcy can induce endothelial cell damage, promote the release of inflammatory factors, stimulate oxidative stress and inhibit the fibrinolytic system. Numerous studies have confirmed the close relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and the occurrence/development of various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, thrombotic diseases, and tumors. With the rising incidence of thyroid diseases, the relationship between Hcy and thyroid diseases has attracted widespread attention. It has been found that HHcy may be directly or indirectly associated with the development of hypothyroidism, but the findings with hyperthyroidism, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and reduced thyroid hormone sensitivity are controversial. This article reviews the research progress of Hcy and thyroid diseases, with a view to providing new ideas for the prevention and clinical treatment of diseases.

同型半胱氨酸（Homocysteine, Hcy）是蛋氨酸代谢过程中的重要中间产物，在DNA、RNA及蛋白质的甲基化修饰中发挥关键作用。高浓度Hcy可诱导内皮细胞损伤、促进炎性因子释放、激发氧化应激并抑制纤溶系统。诸多研究已证实高同型半胱氨酸血症（hyperhomocysteinemia, HHcy）与心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、血栓性疾病及肿瘤等多种疾病的发生发展密切相关。随着甲状腺疾病发病率的逐年攀升，Hcy与甲状腺疾病之间的关联已受到广泛关注。现有研究发现，HHcy可能与甲状腺功能减退症的发生发展存在直接或间接关联，但针对甲状腺功能亢进症、慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎以及甲状腺激素敏感性降低的相关研究结论尚存争议。本文就Hcy与甲状腺疾病的研究进展进行综述，以期为相关疾病的预防及临床治疗提供新思路。