Partnerships for science and innovation

The importance of partnerships or co-creation – the joint production of innovation between industry, research and possibly other stakeholders, such as civil society – has been increasingly acknowledged. These co-creation initiatives can take different forms, such as projects, mechanisms or diverse institutional arrangements ranging from joint...伙伴关系或共创模式——即产业界、科研机构乃至民间社会等其他利益相关方共同开展创新联合产出的合作形式——的重要性正日益得到广泛认可。此类共创举措可呈现多种形式，例如涵盖联合……在内的各类项目、机制或多样化制度安排。