Data from: Resolution of a global mango and fig pest identity crisis

Hypocryphalus Hopkins, 1915 and Cryphalus Erichson, 1836 (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Cryphalini) are significant pests of fig, mango, and other economically important fruit trees, yet have received little attention from systematists. An integrated approach using molecular and morphological evidence resolved the identities of the species feeding on mango and fig. The following taxonomic changes are proposed: Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Stebbing, 1914), stat. rev.; Hypocryphalus dilutus (Eichhoff, 1878a), stat. rev. (=Cryphalus dilutusEichhoff, 1878b, syn. n.); Hypocryphalus discretus (Eichhoff, 1878a), stat. rev. (=Cryphalus discretusEichhoff, 1878b, syn. n.; Cryphalus scabricollisEichhoff, 1878b, syn. n.; Cryphalus brevisetosus Schedl, 1943, syn. n.). We identified widespread misidentification of specimens of Hypocryphalus from mango. The pest of mango trees in Oman, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Mexico, and putatively the vector of the pathogen responsible for mango wilt, is H. dilutus, a resurrected species. The pest of figs in the Mediterranean is also H. dilutus, but a distinct genetic lineage. The globally distributed but seemingly harmless mango bark beetle is H. mangiferae: a genetically complex species in its region of origin, with a single haplotype on mango trees outside the native range. We provide DNA sequences and describe novel morphological characters for identification of these species.

假小蠹属（Hypocryphalus Hopkins, 1915）与肤小蠹属（Cryphalus Erichson, 1836）隶属于象甲科（Curculionidae）小蠹亚科（Scolytinae）肤小蠹族（Cryphalini），是无花果、芒果及其他经济果木的重要害虫，但迄今未受到分类学家的足够关注。本研究整合分子与形态学证据，明确了取食芒果和无花果的相关物种的分类地位，并提出以下分类学修订：芒果假小蠹（Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Stebbing, 1914)，恢复有效地位（stat. rev.））；淡色假小蠹（Hypocryphalus dilutus (Eichhoff, 1878a)，恢复有效地位（stat. rev.））（=肤小蠹（Cryphalus dilutus Eichhoff, 1878b），新异名（syn. n.））；阔鞘假小蠹（Hypocryphalus discretus (Eichhoff, 1878a)，恢复有效地位（stat. rev.））（=肤小蠹（Cryphalus discretus Eichhoff, 1878b）、皱颈肤小蠹（Cryphalus scabricollis Eichhoff, 1878b）、短毛肤小蠹（Cryphalus brevisetosus Schedl, 1943），均为新异名（syn. n.））。本研究发现，此前针对芒果寄主上的假小蠹属标本存在普遍的鉴定误差。阿曼、巴基斯坦、孟加拉国与墨西哥的芒果树害虫，以及被推测为芒果枯萎病致病病原传播媒介的物种，均为该重新被认可的有效物种淡色假小蠹（H. dilutus）。地中海地区的无花果寄主害虫同样为淡色假小蠹，但该类群属于一个独特的遗传谱系。在全球范围内分布但看似无害的芒果树皮小蠹为芒果假小蠹（H. mangiferae）：该物种在其原生分布区为遗传复合体，而在原生分布范围以外的芒果树上仅存在单一单倍型。本研究提供了上述物种的DNA序列，并描述了用于物种鉴定的全新形态学特征。