A 5-year change of knowledge and willingness by sampled respondents to perform bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a metropolitan city

Background
Nationwide and regional interventions can help improve bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) awareness, knowledge, and the willingness. Periodic community investigation will help monitor the effect. This study aimed to compare the experience of CPR education, CPR knowledge, and CPR willingness, during a 5-year interval.
Methods
This is a pre and post study. Two surveys were done in February 2012 and December 2016. National and regional intervention including legislation promoting public involvement, standardizing CPR education programs, training CPR instructors, and installing supporting organizations were done at the period. In both surveys, respondents were selected via quota sampling in Daegu Metropolitan City and answered the survey through face-to-face interview. Respondents’ general demographic characteristics, CPR educational experience, CPR knowledge and CPR willingness were questioned.
Results
Total of 2141 respondents (1000 in 2012, 1141 in 2016) were selected. The percentage of respondents who received CPR education itself and recent education were higher after intervention compared to before intervention (36.2% vs. 55.1%, 16.9% vs. 30.1%, respectively). Correct knowledge of performing CPR seems to be improved overall (1.6% vs. 11.7%, odd ratio 14.28, 95% confidence interval 5.68–35.94). However, less respondents were willing to perform CPR on strangers (54.5% vs 35.0%).
Conclusion
Nationwide and regional interventions to promote bystander CPR and CPR education were associated with increased CPR education experience and improved correct CPR knowledge in performing bystander CPR. Willingness to perform bystander CPR on family did not increase significantly and CPR willingness to strangers was decreased. Additional legal and technological measures should be implemented to promote bystander CPR.

背景：全国性与区域性干预措施可提升旁观者心肺复苏（cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR）的知晓率、知识储备与实施意愿。定期开展社区调查有助于监测干预成效。本研究旨在对比间隔5年的两次调研中，受访者的心肺复苏教育培训经历、心肺复苏知识掌握情况及实施意愿。

方法：本研究为前后对照研究。分别于2012年2月与2016年12月开展两次问卷调查。在此期间，全国及区域性干预措施包括推动公众参与的立法、规范心肺复苏教育培训项目、培训心肺复苏导师以及设立配套支持机构。两次调研均在大邱广域市通过配额抽样选取受访者，并采用面对面访谈形式完成问卷填写。调研内容涵盖受访者的一般人口学特征、心肺复苏教育培训经历、心肺复苏知识掌握情况及实施意愿。

结果：本研究共纳入2141名受访者（2012年1000名，2016年1141名）。干预后，接受过心肺复苏教育培训及近期接受过教育培训的受访者占比均高于干预前（分别为36.2% vs. 55.1%、16.9% vs. 30.1%）。旁观者心肺复苏操作的正确认知率整体有所提升（1.6% vs. 11.7%，比值比为14.28，95%置信区间为5.68~35.94）。然而，愿意为陌生人实施心肺复苏的受访者占比有所下降（54.5% vs. 35.0%）。

结论：旨在推广旁观者心肺复苏及心肺复苏教育培训的全国与区域性干预措施，可提升民众的心肺复苏教育培训参与率与旁观者心肺复苏操作的正确认知水平。但为家人实施心肺复苏的意愿未出现显著提升，而为陌生人实施心肺复苏的意愿反而下降。未来应出台更多法律与技术措施以推动旁观者心肺复苏的普及。