Advances in fruit crop propagation in Brazil and worldwide-apple trees

Abstract Apple production has been an important economic activity worldwide. The wide dissemination and cultivation of apple trees in several regions of the world is due to the development of propagation techniques from its domestication to the present time. Apple trees can be propagated by seeds, restricted to the use in breeding programs, and multiplied by several methods of vegetative propagation, both for rootstocks and apple scion cultivars. Considering the high technological level currently used in apple crop management, plant propagation plays a very important role in order to enable seedling production with high morphological quality and free of diseases, requiring new advances and propagation improvements in new releases of rootstocks and apple scions.

【摘要】苹果生产已成为全球范围内的重要经济活动。苹果树在全球诸多区域的广泛推广与种植，源自从驯化时期直至今日的繁殖技术（propagation techniques）发展。苹果树可通过种子繁殖，该方式仅适用于育种计划（breeding programs）；亦可通过多种无性繁殖（vegetative propagation）方式进行扩繁，既可用于砧木（rootstocks）培育，也可用于苹果接穗品种（apple scion cultivars）繁育。鉴于当前苹果栽培管理所采用的高技术水准，植物繁殖对于培育形态品质优良且无病害的苗木而言至关重要，因此亟需针对新推出的砧木与苹果接穗品种，推进繁殖技术的革新与优化。